OF ARTS AND SCIENCES : APRIL 9, 1867. 285 



Hypothesis. 



Any M is, for instance, P P" P", &c, 



S is P> P" P", &c. ; 



•\ S is probably M. 



% 2. Moods and Figures of Probable Inference. 



It is obvious that the explaining syllogism of an induction or 

 hypothesis may be of any mood or figure. 



It would also seem that the conclusion of an induction or hypothesis 

 may be contraposed with one of the premises. 



§ 3. Analogy. 

 The formula of analogy is as follows : — 



S', S", and S"' are taken at random from such 

 a class that their characters at random are such as P, P", P". 



t is P, P", and P". 



S', S", and S"' are q. 



.'. t is q. 



Such an argument is double. It combines the two following : — 



1. 

 $', S", S"' are taken as being P, P", P". 

 S', S", S'" are q. 

 .-. (By induction,) P, P", P" is q. 

 t is P, P", P". 

 .'. (Deductively,) t is q. 



2. 



S', S", S'" are, for instance, P, P", P". 



t is P, P", P>". 



.: (By hypothesis,) t has the common characters of S', S", S'". 



S', S", S"> are q. 

 .'. (Deductively,) t is q. 



