OF AKTS AND SCIENCES: MAY 14, 1867. 293 



need to be thought of as referred to an interpretant, and the concep- 

 tion of reference to an interpretant would not arise. But since there 

 is a manifold of impressions, we have a feeling of complication or confu- 

 sion, which leads us to differentiate the impression from that, and then, 

 having been differentiated, they require to be brought to unity. Now 

 they are not brought to unity until we conceive them together as being 

 ours, that is, until we refer them to a conception as their interpre- 

 tant. Thus, the reference to an interpretant arises upon the holding 

 together of diverse impressions, and therefore it does not join a con- 

 ception to the substance, as the other two references do, but unites 

 directly the manifold of the substance itself. It is, therefore, the last 

 conception in order in passing from being to substance. 



§ 11. The five conceptions thus obtained, for reasons which will be 

 sufficiently obvious, may be termed categories. That is, 



BEING, 



Quality (Reference to a Ground), 

 Relation (Reference to a Correlate), 

 Representation (Reference to an Interpretant), 

 SUBSTANCE. 



The three intermediate conceptions may be termed accidents. 



§ 12. This passage from the many to the one is numerical. The con- 

 ception of a third is that of an object which is so related to two others, 

 that one of these must be related to the other in the same way in which 

 the third is related to that other. Now this coincides with the concep- 

 tion of an interpretant. An other is plainly equivalent to a correlate. 

 The conception of second differs from that of other, in implying the 

 possibility of a third. In the same way, the conception of self implies 

 the possibility of an other. The Ground is the self abstracted from 

 the concreteness which implies the possibility of another. 



§ 13. Since no one of the categories can be prescinded from those 

 above it, the list of supposable objects which they afford is, 



What is. 



Quale — that which refers to a ground, 

 Relate — that which refers to ground and correlate, 

 Representamen — that which refers to ground, correlate, and 

 interpretant. 



It. 



§ 14. A quality may have a special determination which prevents 



