OF ARTS AND SCIENCES: FEBRUARY II, 1868. 463 



which have been most effective for man's advancement must have been 

 of slow growth, and of still slower diffusion among the nations. They 

 are to be regarded as the great remaining landmarks of man's progress, 

 whilst the mass of minor influences which contributed to their adoption 

 have fallen out of knowledge. 



The customs and institutions relating to the family state, and in the 

 probable order of their orgination, may be stated as the following : — 



I. Promiscuous Intercourse. 

 II. Intermarriage, or Cohabitation, of Brothers and Sisters. Giving 



III. The Communal Family. (First Stage of the Family.) 



IV. The Hawaiian Custom. Giving, with II., 



V. The Malayan Form of the Classificatory System of Relation- 

 ship. 

 VI. The Tribal Organization. Giving 



VII. The Turanian and Ganowanian Systems of Relationship. 

 VIII. Marriage between Single Pairs. Giving 

 IX. The Barbarian Family. (Second Stage of the Family.) 

 X. Polygamy. Giving 



XI. The Patriarchal Family. (Third Stage of the Family.) 

 XII. Polyandria. 

 XIII. The Rise of Property, with the Settlement of Lineal Succession 



to Estates. Giving 

 XIV. The Civilized Family. (Present Stage of the Family.) 

 Causing 

 XV. The Overthrow of the Classificatory System of Relationship, 

 and the Substitution of the Descriptive. 



Given, the second and fourth customs, the origin of the Malayan 

 system can be demonstrated from the nature of descents, and the re- 

 lationships shown to be those actually existing. In like manner, the 

 second, fifth, and sixth of these customs and institutions being given, 

 the origin of the Turanian and Ganowanian systems can be explained 

 in the same manner, and to the same effect. Whether, given the Tu- 

 ranian system of relationship, the antecedent existence of these cus- 

 toms and institutions can be legitimately inferred, will depend upon the 

 probability of their prevalence from the nature of human society, and 

 from what is known of its previous conditions. It may be confidently 

 affirmed that this great sequence of customs and institutions, although 

 in part hypothetical, will organize and explain the body of ascertained 



