70 A. E. Verrill — Bermudian and West Indian Beef Corals. 



Mseandra labyrinthiformis (L.) V. Brain Stone. Brain Coral. 



Madrepora labyrinthiformis (pa>-s) Linne, Syst. Nat., ed. x, p. 794, 1758. 

 Madrepora meandrites, var. y, Pallas, Elench. Zooph., p. 292, 293, 1766. 

 Madrepora implicata Ellis and Solander, p. 164, 1786. Grnelin, op. cit., p. 



3763. 

 Madrepora labyrinthiformis Esper, Ptlanzenth., p. 74, pi. iii, 1789. 

 Htceandra meandrites (}Kirs), including as var. a, labyrinthiformis (Linne"), 



Oken, Lehrb. Naturg. Zool., i, p. 70, 1815. 

 Meandrina cerebriformis Lamarck, Hist. Nat. Anim. s. Vert., p. 246, 1816. 

 Mceandra (Platygyra) cerebriformis, vars. a and b, Ehrenberg, Corall. Rothen 



Meeres, Abhandl. Kgl. Akad. Wiss. BerL, p. 324 [100], 1834. 

 Meandrina cerebriformis, p. 263, pi. xiv, fig. 2 ; + Meandrina truncata, p. 264, 



pi. xiv, figs. 1, la, Dana, Zooph. U. States Expl. Exped., 1846. 

 Diploria cerebriformis Milne-Edwards and Hainie, Compt.-rend., xxvii, p. 493, 



1848. 

 Diploria cerebriformis ;+ Diploria Stokesi, pi. D4, fig. 3 ; + Diploria truncata 



Milne-Edwards and Hainie, Hist. Nat. Corall., ii, pp. 402, 403, 405, 1857. 

 ? Moeandrina labyrinthiformis Pourtales, Florida Reefs, Corals, pi. ix, figs. 10-12, 



1880. 

 Diploria, cerebriformis Pourtales, 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool., No. iv, Mem. ii. 



p. 75, 1871 ; Verrill, these Trans., x, p. 552, 1900. 

 Diploria geographica Whitfield, Bull. Amer. Mus., N. York, xiv, p. 223, pi. 



xxxiii, xxxiv, 1901. (Types examined.) 

 Diploria labyrinthiformis Vaughan, Samml. Geol. Reichs-Mus., ii, p. 45, 



1901 (non Cceloria labyrinthiformis Edw. and Haime). 



Plate X. Figures 1-3. 



This species can usually be distinguished from the allied forms by 

 the generally double ridges between the actinal grooves and by the 

 presence on these ridges of a more or less wide intermural furrow, 

 but the furrow may be lacking or obsolete, and the wall may be 

 simple and solid on parts of many specimens. 



While living, the color of the soft parts is usually dull orange- 

 yellow, but it varies from light ocher-yellow to brownish orange. 

 The structure and appearance of the tentacles, month, and disk are 

 like those of M. cerebrum and 31. clivosa. 



This is the most abundant of the reef-corals at the Bermudas. 

 When it grows under very favorable conditions it forms large, 

 evenly hemispherical or dome-shaped masses, which are sometimes 

 5 or 6 feet in diameter, and nearly as high. Perfect specimens of 

 this form, from 8 inches to 2 feet in diametei", are much sought after 

 by collectors, and are, therefore, common in museums. Much larger 

 numbers of specimens on the reefs take on irregular, broad, thick 

 encrusting forms, due to less favorable conditions, injuries, and 

 especially to crowding and coalescence. 



