JOHNSTON. — ON CAULOGLOSSUM TRANSVERSARIUM. 69 



synonyms Herculea Fries and Schweinitzia Grev. is a synonym of 

 Fodaxon. Cionimn Lk., the only other generic name that has been 

 applied to it, represents a plant of an entirely different character, un- 

 doubtedly referable to the Myxomycetes. In view of these facts it seems 

 necessary to propose a new generic name for this form. 



In order to determine whether species other than C. transversariuvi 

 should be similarly treated, it seems desirable in this connection to 

 examine the published data which are available concerning Cauloglos- 

 sum elatuvi Fr., C. aeguptiacum (Mont.) Zobel, and C. novo-zelandl- 

 cum (Ilenn.) Fischer, which appear to be the only forms, with the 

 exception of the two species of Podaxon and the Penis caninus v'lr- 

 g'uiianus Plukenet already mentioned, that have ever been referred to 

 Cauloglossum. 



Cauloglossuvi elaUmi, a form occurring in East India, is described by 

 Fries (10) as possibly synonymous with Ciavaria pist'dlarU Lour. (10). 

 In general form and in the presence of an axil columella it resembles 

 C. transversa7'ium. In the minor characters, its white color, small 

 size (only half an inch in height), it seems to differ distinctly, while the 

 fact that the peridium falls away, only scaly remnants being left at the 

 base and apex, separate it clearly from C. tnmsversarutm, and suggests 

 that it belongs rather in the Podaxaceae. 



Cauloglossuvb aegyptiacum (Mont.) Zobel, which was originally de- 

 scribed under Podaxon by Montague (22), is figured and described in 

 Corda (29). Zobel, however, modified Greville's original generic 

 description of Cauloglossurti by adding the following points : "basidiis (?) 

 stellato glomeratis ; . . . stipes firmus, erectus, basi rudimentis volvae 

 vestitus. Volva iucompleta, cum stipite connata, coriacea." A species 

 to which such characters apply cannot be included in the same genus 

 with C transcersariuvi ; and it seems probable that IMontagiie was 

 right in placing it in Podaxon. It is a form that has been reported but 

 once, by M. Bove, from the lands between Suez and Gaza. • 



The last form that has been placed under Cauloglossuni is Clavo- 

 gasfer novo-zelandtciim described by P. Ilennings (15) and referred 

 to Caulogloasnm by Fischer. Clavogaster was a new genus jjro- 

 posed by Ilennings for a New Zealand form, the characters of which he 

 described us follows: " I'erithccium subcoriaccum, i)ersisteiis c stratis 

 hinis discoloribus effbrmatum, clavatum, stipitatum. Capillitium suh- 

 fasciatum in cellulas favosas, polyedras, sporis levibus, cllipsoideis, color- 

 atis, pedicellatis. l[ippope,rdo perafRuis." 



In view of tho fact that the presence of a capillitium and the abscncf 



