STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 85 



It will be seen that the average amount of endowment fund for the 

 eighteen institutions embraced in the above table is over six hundred 

 thousand dollars, while the average annual expenses is forty-seven thou- 

 sand seven hundred and forty-two dollars. The average number of 

 teachers employed is over twenty-five each, and the average number of 

 students in attendance is four hundred and thirty-four. In his comments 

 upon the resources of these institutions, Dr. Pugh remarked : "Had we 

 time to examine closely into the details of the workings of these insti- 

 tutions, as exhibited in their annual reports, we would find in all of them 

 the most indubitable evidence of the insufficiency of their resources for 

 the accomplishment" of the mission they are laboring to fulfil. Whether 

 we examine their linguistic, their literary, or their scientific depart- 

 ments, or any one of the several professional schools which some of them 

 have, we will find in all of them an absence of that thoromjhness which 

 characterizes the highest order of study. With very few exceptions we 

 will find professors obliged to teach too many different things to teach 

 anijfhinff very thoroughly, or to keep themselves posted on the progress 

 of knowledge in their own department in the learned world. If con- 

 firmation of the insufficiency of their resources were needed, we have it 

 in the constant eff'orts that nearly all of them are making to secure 

 additional pecuniary aid." 



To support any one of the above named institutions in this State, or to 

 support an Industrial College of a character and with facilities equal to 

 the average of those embraced in the above table, it is evident the annual 

 expenses would be largely- increased. Everything connected with the 

 general expenses of the institution would cost considerably more here 

 than it does in the Atlantic States, and the wages of professors and 

 teachers would have to be considerably increased. As will be seen by 

 the table, the fifty-six professors in Harvard University receive only 

 sixty-eight thousand dollars, or on an average one thousand two hun- 

 dred and fourteen dollars each per annum, equal to but one hundred and 

 one dollars per month. Bj^ the report of the Superintendent of Public 

 Instruction of California, we learn that the average salary paid the male 

 teachers in our common schools is seventy-four dollars per month, or 

 only twenty.-seven dollars per month less than the average wages paid 

 the professors in the first university in America. It is quite doubtful if 

 one hundred thousand dollars per annum would command the services 

 of the Harvard corps of professors in a similar institution in California. 



With all the foregoing considerations and figures before us, we are to 

 decide in the first instance whether California shall have an Industrial 

 College of a high standard, embracing within the scope of its teachings 

 the gi-eatest range of scientific and practical subjects, or whether we 

 will be content with an institution of a lower grade, more contracted in 

 the number and variet}' of sulijccts taught, and consequently more 

 limited in its sphere of usefulness. 



The position we occupj^ and the importance of the products of our 

 industries to the world, in our opinion demand an institution of the 

 former character, and we have but little hesitation in expressing our 

 conviction that it will be found in the end not only the wisest but the 

 most economical course. 



An institution of a high character always has great attractions, not 

 only for superior professors and students, but for large and liberal private 

 endowments, while one of an inferior character seldom has much attrac- 

 tion for and is seldom crowded much with either. 



It haviuir been urj^ed that the Industrial College should be located in 



