430 W. K. GREGORY NOTHARCTUS AND LEMUROIDEA 



bullge. A'^an Kampen (1905, page 661), from the observations of Zucker- 

 kandl and Wincza, suggested that this condition is secondary, and my 

 observations on the skull of the Chirogaleinaf also lead me to suspect 

 that this subfamily has been derived from more normal lemurs. 



The Lorisidffi (a family which has been referred to above as the 

 Lorisiformes) resemble the Chirogaleinag in the fact that the main branch 

 of the internal carotid passes through tlie widely open foramen lacerum 

 medium, l)ut there is also a very small branch that enters the tympanic 

 cavit}' from the inner side. The observations of Tandler and Winge 

 leave it doubtful whether this small branch represents both the arteria 

 promentorii and the arteria stapedia or only the latter (Van Kampen, 

 1905, pages 671, 672). 



Passing to the Tarsiiformes, the foramina in the basicranial region 

 of Necrolemur are shown in three good skulls, belonging respectively to 

 the British Museum, the Princeton University j\ruseum, and the Museum 

 of Comparative Zoology of Harv^ard Universit}^ which I have studied 

 with great care. There is a foramen on the inner face of the bulla that 

 appears to be the main posterior carotid foramen. There are no visible 

 foramina in the position of the foramina lacera media of the Nycticebidse, 

 and if these were present they must have been covered over by the 

 greatly expanded bullae, this indicating that the carotid pierced the bulla 

 and traversed the tympanic cavity. In front of the greatly inflated bulla 

 and on the outer anterior face of the enwrapped pterygoid wing of the 

 alisphenoid are two foramina which, by comparison with Tarsius, appear 

 to be the for. ovale and for. rotundum (respectivelv for the ramus 

 mandibularis and ramus maxillaris trigeraini). Internal to the ala tem- 

 poralis is the foramen (ostium) tubae Eustachii. A postglenoid foramen 

 is present. On the whole, in the position of the foramina, especially that 

 for the carotid, Necrolemur is nearer to Tarsius than to any of the 

 Nycticebidffi. 



The famous skull described by Cope as "Anaptomorphus" Jiomunculus^ 

 has recently been further developed from the matrix by Mr. A. E. Ander- 

 son, under my direction, and thus the interior of the bulla has been 

 revealed. The basicranial region, as a wliole, is remarkably similar to 

 that of Tarsius, save that the trochlea, or auditory prominence, is much 

 smaller. The bulla was greatly inflated, as in Tarsius and Necrolemur, 

 and its anterointernal extension likewise completely covered over the 

 region where the foramen lacerum medium is located in tlie N'ycticebidffi. 

 The internal carotid must surely have traversed the tympanic chamber, 

 but its exact course is doul)tful. Tii Tarsliif; it pierces the middle of the 



" Tetonius Matthew. 



