DESCRIPTIONS OF FORMATIONS 478 



therefore, appear that the base and even the middle of the Fleming west 

 of the Neches is older than the base of the Fleming east of that stream. 



West of the Colorado the Neocene beds are composed principally of 

 sands with smaller proportions of clay, while east of the Brazos these 

 conditions are reversed. 



The fossils fomid in the Oakville of the Xueces sections, as determined 

 by Cope — Protohippus medius, P. perditus, P. placidus, and Aplielops 

 meridianus — indicate a higher horizon than that of Navasota or Cold 

 Springs. Not enough material is at hand to decide its exact relationship 

 to the Burkeville. Based on comparison of vertebrate remains, they may 

 be of similar age; but if the invertebrates are to govern, the Burkeville is 

 more nearly the age of the Lapara, in A\'hich case Hager's reference of 

 the sands at Burrs Ferry, on the Sabine, to the Oakville may be true. 



Since the fossils obtained from the Fleming beds show that they cover 

 Middle and Upper ]\Iiocene and Lower Pliocene time, they must include 

 the eastern time-representatives of the Oakville and Lapara beds, al- 

 though lithologically the Fleming is dissimilar to the Oakville and La- 

 para. The Fleming resembles the Lagarto and, while no Middle Pliocene 

 fossils have been found in it, it is possible that the Lagarto may also be 

 represented in the upper portion of these beds as exposed around Wood- 

 ville and at Hempstead. This would make the Fleming the representa- 

 tive, east of the Brazos River, of the entire Neocene series west of that 

 stream below the Lafayette. 



The apparent beds of passage between the upper part of the Corrigan 

 and lower beds of the Fleming may signify comparatively continuous 

 sedimentation in the vicinity of the Trinity River from the Grand Gulf 

 to the Lafayette, while to the east and west of that locality land condi- 

 tions persisted longer, the older beds were more slowly submerged, and 

 we have the Upper Miocene or Pliocene at the base of the Neocene Ijeds 

 at the eastern extremity and Loup Fork at the western. 



The entire sedimentation represents coiulitioiis in the west comparable 

 to those of the Staked Plains area and a comparatively arid climate, while 

 on the east they represent moistcr conditions, favorable to the formation 

 of marshes at or ni'nr tlic nioutlis of outflowing rivers. 



Summary 



The outcrops on the Sal)ine sliow oidy one sand — the Corrigan. Whetber 

 the Corrigan at tbi.s })oint embraces anything more than the Catalioula is 

 not fully known; but the Oakville sands may be represented, as indicated 



