MINERALOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE ANIMIKE AND CEWATIN. 393 



the north side of Gunflint lake there are vertical schists which are of the 

 Kewatin age ; they are semi-crystalline; they pass into crystalline schists by 

 gradual transition to the northward ; and it was my opinion that Professor 

 Irving either failed to observe that unconformity, if he were on the spot 

 and saw for himself, or else failed to notice that the schists upon the immedi- 

 ate shore of the lake, with which the Animike is in contact, were not proper 

 crystalline schists, but were Kewatin or semi-crystalline schists. I have 

 examined sections of these rocks and find they are not all the same thing, 

 but none are "crystalline schists." I will only say further that the Kewatin 

 rocks show sometimes a crystalline structure and at other times a partially 

 crystalline structure; at still other times an earthy condition. You can 

 get hand specimens that are entirely earthy in their structure and nature, 

 and you can get other hand specimens that are quite crystalline, but 

 nothing possessing the appearance of a mica schist. The groundmass is 

 generally one which is distinctly earthy, such as occurs within the limits 

 of the Kewatin. 



Professor Van HrsE: Of course we shall differ as to the nature of the 

 schists which underlie the Animike series. I should regard them as far 

 more crystalline than the mica schists north and south of the Kewatin beds, 

 or, more accurately, than the beds bearing iron at Vermilion lake. 



Professor AVinchell : It is a difference of opinion. Time does not suffice 

 to discuss the grounds of our differences. My positions are set forth in my 

 memoir, and it is not necessary to repeat them. I have also, indeed, indi- 

 cated there the diverse interpretations of Professors Irving and Van Hise. 

 The grounds of my dissent from their interpretations will perhaps be given 

 on another occasion. 



My vertical section, thought by Professor Van Hise to be highly theoret- 

 ical is, I admit, partially so ; but if anything more than a mere help to the 

 understanding of the map, it goes but very little beyond a delineation of 

 facts actuallv observed. 



