W. B. CLARK TERTIARY OF CAPE FEAR RIVER. 539 



States." A list of species is added. In a later publication* the same position is 

 taken, though explained on the ground of contemporaneous existence. 



Conrad stated in 1865, concerning this locality, that " Eocene and Cretaceous fossils 

 are there mingled in a breccia, "f and later that " the mixture of Secondary and Ter- 

 tiary fossils in this breccia shows that a disturbance occurred in the bed of the Eocene 

 ocean, which evidently, from Tuomey's account, extended into South Carolina." 

 Conrad cited several instances in which Deshayes and others have shown similar oc- 

 currences in European strata ; and although he did not enter more in detail into a de- 

 scription of the Wilmington locality, yet his opinion as to the commingling of Eocene 

 and Cretaceous forms is clearly stated. 



By a comparison of the specimens with well-known forms from Claiborne and 

 other Eocene localities, the following species have have been identified : — 



Aturia alabamiensis, Conrad, 

 Pseiidoliva vetusta, Conrad, 

 Oliva alabamiensis, Conrad, 

 Conus gyratus, Conrad, 

 Emarginula eversa, Conrad, 

 Trochita trochiformis, Conrad, 

 Siliqicaria vitis, Conrad, 

 Pecten membraiiosus, Morton, 

 Terebratidina lacryma, Morton, 

 Lunulites distans, Lonsdale, 

 Mor Ionia pileus-sinensis, Ravenel, 

 Sismondia plana, Conrad ; 



besides others of Eocene aspect, but of whose specific determination there is some 

 doubt. 



At the saijie time numerous Cretaceous fossils occur; as — 



Bactdites compressus, Say, 

 Nautilus dekayi, Morton, 

 Navicula uniopsis, Conrad, 

 Venilia. conradi (?), Morton, 

 Cardium spillmani, Conrad, 

 Cucidlcea antrosa, Morton, 

 Gyrodes abyssimus, Conrad, 

 Zenophora leprosus, Morton ; 



enough certainly to clearly indicate the presence of a Cretaceous fauna in a great 

 variety of forms. It is less probable that these different species had a contempora- 

 neous existence than that a mechanical commingling of the various forms took place 

 during the deposition of Eocene sediments. With few exceptions, the specimens are 

 casts ; but, as both those from the Cretaceous and Eocene present similar states of 

 preservation, it is probable that at the time the commingling took place the shells 

 were still intact, and that subsequently they have both passed along similar lines of 

 change. 



Another interesting occurrence of a like nature is the presence of E.rogyra cosUitu 



*Proc. Acad. Nat, Sei., Philadelphia, vol. 0, 1852, p. 193. 

 fProc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, vol. 17, 1805, p. 72. 



