46 



slightly soldered to each other, but scarcely to the body wall, and sep- 

 arate very easily. The lateral view, Figure 27, shows the relative 

 length of the segments. The abdominal segments, although they have 

 developed a prominent cephalic row of spines on the dorsum, still re- 

 tain the covering of very fine spines on the remainder of the seg- 

 ment. The eighth abdominal segment bears a pair of very stout hooks 

 at the apices of rounded tubercles (Fig. 27a). The pupae examined 

 measured about 10 mm. in length. 



The following species was examined : 

 Prodoxus quinquepunctella Chambers. 



Family Acrolophidae 



In this family segments 3-7 of the abdomen are movable in both 

 sexes, but the appendages are quite firmly soldered to each other and 

 to the body wall so that they do not readily separate even at dehiscence. 

 There is probably also dorsal movement of the second segment, as the 

 conjunctiva is well developed and both the first and second segments 

 separate at dehiscence. The larvae of members of this family are sod- 

 borers and it seems quite natural that pupae with this mode of life 

 should have their appendages soldered down at a much earlier stage 

 than those of the leaf-miners, for instance, or of the pupae that live in 

 cocoons. There are none of the small spines of the generalized type 

 present on the dorsum of the abdomen in this family, but a well- 

 developed row of spines at the cephalic margin of the segments. There 

 are also short lateral and dorsal projections of the tenth segment, with 

 very sharp chitinized edges, which are evidently to aid the pupa in 

 working its way to the surface. The head bears a strongly chitinized 

 transverse ridge near the cephalic margin of the ventral surface. 

 Figures 28 and 29 show the arrangement of parts in a pupa of this 

 family in which there is a remarkable development of the labial palpi. 

 The pupae are from 15-20 mm. in length. The genera may be sepa- 

 rated as follows : 



a. Labial palpi never with distinct cutting plates near their proximal 

 margin, the palpi not extending much over half the distance to the 

 distal, ends of the prothoracic legs ; two pairs of coxae visible ; spines 

 of the abdominal segments long and narrow. 



Hypocolpus Walsingham. 



aa. Labial palpi with distinct cutting plates near their proximal margin, 



the palpi extending as far as the distal ends of the prothoracic legs ; 



a single pair of coxae visible ; spines of the abdominal segments 



triangular PseudanapJiora Walsingham. 



