143 



bb. Cephalic part of segment above the flange-like plate with sharp 

 transverse ridges, deep furrows between; pupae found in 

 cocoons Automeris Hiibner. 



The following species were examined : 

 Pseudohazis eglanterina Boisduval 



Hemileuca mala Drury, burnsi Watson, olivae Cockerell 

 Automeris pamina Neumoegen, to Fabricius, Icucana Hiibner, incar- 

 nata Walker 



Family Ceratocampidae 



Body with the margins of the free abdominal segments usually 

 bearing a row of spines, and the exposed surface of the thorax and 

 abdomen usually roughened with spines ; antennae never broadly pec- 

 tinate throughout, but broadly pectinate and almost parallel for about 

 one half the length, then narrowed rapidly to about half the greatest 

 width, tapering gradually to a pointed tip, the stem of the flagellum 

 never distinct, the surface convex and the central axis of the antenna 

 usually bearing one or two rows of small spines ; maxillae never less 

 than one fourth the length of the wings ; tips of the mesothoracic tarsi 

 meeting obliquely on the meson, never lying adjacent on the meson; 

 proleg scars very prominent on abdominal segments five and six, the 

 scars for the anal prolegs often very conspicuous; mesothoracic wings 

 with the anal angles broadly rounded, usually located at the cephalic 

 margin of the fourth abdominal segment and never reaching ventrad 

 to the caudal margin of the fourth segment; metathoracic wings never 

 produced below anal angle of the mesothoracic wing and never visible 

 in ventral view; metathorax with distinct tubercles, more or less ob- 

 long in outline, on each side the meson and extending more than one 

 third the distance from the meson to the margin of the wing; the 

 suture between the seventh and eighth segments never deep, or with 

 distinct crenulations on its margins ; cremaster always present, usually 

 long and bifurcate at tip. Five genera of this family have been 

 described. One genus, Syssphinx, consisting of three species, was not 

 available for study. The pupae of this family are always found in the 

 ground. The remaining genera of Ceratocampidae can be separated 

 by the following table : 



a. Surface of pupa never spinose ; cremaster broader than long, broadly 

 and shallowly bifurcate, never, over 2 mm. in length. 



atheroma Hiibner,, 

 aa. Surface of pupa spinose ; cremaster at least twice as long as broad, 

 bifurcate at tip, always more than 2 mm. in length. 



