197 



Apical abdominal ventral segment with blood-gills in the form of 

 an irregular protuberance, rarely acute laterally 9 



2. Ventral blood-gills not conspicuously longer than the stellate proc- 



esses on margin of stigmatal field, these processes slender, regu- 

 larly and very conspicuously fringed Tipula sp. 1. 



Ventral blood-gills conspicuously longer than stellate processes, or 

 the latter not regularly and conspicuously fringed, or the proc- 

 esses very unequal in length 3 



3. Stellate processes subequal in length, very short, their margins with 



regular fringe of short hairs 5 



— Stellate processes very unequal in length, the upper two short, the 



lateral and lower ones much longer and with isolated groups of 

 long hairs 4 



4. Very large species, more than 40 mm. in length ; penultimate abdom- 



inal segment with a lateral process Tipula sp. 2. 



— Small species, 20 mm. in length ; penultimate abdominal segment 



without a lateral process Tipula sp. 2a. 



5. Small species, not more than 30 mm. in length 6 



— Larger species, more than 40 mm. in length 7 



6. Body with dense pubescence which is most conspicuous on 2 narrow 



longitudinal lines on dorsum, giving the species the appearance 

 of being vittate ; posterior latero- ventral bristles surrounded with 

 stiff upright hairs Tipula eluta. 



— Body without dense pubescent vittae; posterior latero-ventral 



bristles not surrounded with stiff upright hairs . Tipula cunctans. 



7. Body almost regularly cylindrical, as in eluta ; posterior latero-ven- 



tral bristles not on pseudopod-like elevations, their bases sur- 

 rounded with short, stiff, upright hairs ; dorsum not conspicuously 

 vittate Tipula sp. 4. 



— Body not regularly cylindrical, the segmentation deep, and the pos- 



terior segments with distinct pseudopod-like elevations; poste- 

 rior latero-ventral bristles situated on elevations and not sur- 

 rounded with stiff upright hairs; dorsum conspicuously vittate 

 8 



8. The pale dorsal vittae composed of a number of closely placed pale 



dots ; dorsum with many small pale paired spots ; hairs not in- 

 serted in dark brown dots Tipula abdominalis. 



— The pale dorsal vittae linear ; dorsum with a number of very incon- 



spicuous pale dots ; hairs inserted in dark brown dots. Tipula sp. 3. 



9. Apical abdominal segment with a conical protuberance on each side 



proximad of the processes on the margin of stigmatal field (PI. 

 XXXI, Figs. 6, 7) Tipula sp. 6. 



— Apical abdominal segment without a protuberance on sides 10 



10. Upper 4 processes on anal segment decurved, long, and pointed, much 



longer than lower pair, ventral respiratory organs acute laterally 

 (PL XXXII, Figs. 7, 8) ; prothorax with 2 horny protuberances 

 on its dorsal margin anteriorly Tipula sp. 5. 



