349 

 Xylophagus lugens Loew 



Xylophagus lugens Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., 1863, p. 6. 



Larva (PI. L, Fig. 5). — Length, 15-20 mm. White, slightly shin- 

 ing, chitinized portions castaneous, glossy. Head long and pointed, 

 with a few surface hairs arranged as in Figure 12; anterior opening 

 very small, mandibles normally slightly exserted ; the pair of chitin- 

 ized rods which protrude into the first thoracic segment usually visible 

 through the semitransparent membrane at back of head. First and 

 second thoracic segments heavily chitinized on dorsum and with nar- 

 row pale unchitinized longitudinal lines as shown in Figure 5 ; spiracle 

 large, situated beyond middle of first segment ; armature as shown in 

 Figure 5; last thoracic segment not chitinized; ventral surface of first 

 segment with a brown chitinized patch on each side which is dilated 

 anteriorly and tapers to a point posteriorly; occasionally the median 

 space between these patches anteriorly almost covered with small 

 brown spots ; second and third segments without chitinized areas ; each 

 of the three segments with a hair on each side near lateral margin 

 slightly beyond middle. Dorsum of abdomen with a transverse band 

 of locomotor spines on anterior margins of segments 1-6 which does 

 not extend to lateral margin ; each suture, between both thoracic 

 and abdominal segments, marked by a line of small punctiform brown 

 chitinized areas; laterad, except between segments 7 and 8, this line 

 is duplicated, the two lines enclosing a vertical elongate-oval area 

 which ceases at margin of ventral surface; seventh segment with 4-5 

 poorly developed spines on each side anteriorly, some distance from 

 median line ; eighth segment usually with a few round brown spots on 

 anterior portion about midway from median line to lateral margin, 

 and with a larger chitinized spot on each side of disc near posterior 

 margin ; apical segment very heavily chitinized, ending in 2 divergent, 

 slightly upw r ardly curved processes ; spiracles large, round, slightly 

 elevated ; dorsum of abdomen, except that of apical segment, without 

 hairs; lateral area of segments 1-7 each with 4 strong hairs arranged 

 in a vertical series on middle of segments, the upper pair more widely 

 separated from the second than the other pairs are from each other; 

 armature of apical segment as in Figure 5 ; ventral surface different 

 from dorsal in having the locomotor spines present on segments 1-7 

 and in having a large brown mark surrounding the anal opening. 



Pupa (PI. L, Fig. 1). — Length 10—16 mm. Brownish testaceous, 

 slightly shining, turning almost entirely black just before emergence 

 of adult. 



