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equal amount of labor every month in the year; an agriculture that will 

 produce not only all that a dense population would require for home 

 consumption, but one that would furnish for export products a thousand 

 times more valuable than would be all the wheat our State could pro- 

 duce, if every acre of land within its borders, adapted to its cultivation, 

 were to 3 T ield a hundred bushels a year. That nature designed California 

 for an agriculture as diversified in its character as are the soils and 

 climates of her thousands of valleys and innumerable mountain and hill 

 sides, and as valuable as the world has ever known, cannot be doubted 



What we need now, more than anything else, to secure to our State to 

 the fullest extent the benefits of such an agriculture, is that degree of 

 governmental eucouragement as will induce judicious and careful inves- 

 tigation and experiment with new and valuable products. In a Govern- 

 ment like ours, where every citizen is a sovereign and has an equal inter- 

 est in the prosperity of the country, every new industry introduced 

 tending to increase that prosperity inures to the benefit of all. Hence, 

 it is but right and just that the expense of proper experiments to test 

 the practicability of the successful introduction and profitable prosecu- 

 tion of new industries should be borne, to a certain extent, by all. This 

 just and equitable principle has been recognized by every enlightened 

 and prosperous Government known in the history of the world, and in 

 proportion as this principle has been acted on by the different Govern- 

 ments, just in that proportion have those Governments increased in power 

 and prosperity. To the intelligent encouragement given by the first 

 Napoleon to certain agricultural industries, silk and beet sugar, France 

 is indebted to-day for the advanced position she occupies among the 

 powerful nations of the earth. England, by the protection and encour- 

 agement of her manufactures and commerce, has grown to be the first 

 manufacturing and commercial country in the world. Our own General 

 Government acted upon this principle in the establishment of an Agri- 

 cultural Department, under the direction of which the introduction and 

 cultivation of new products are being experimented upon at the public 

 expense. The donation by the National Government of public "lands to 

 the several States, for the establishment and maintainance of agricultu- 

 ral colleges, is another act recognizing the same principle. It is lor the 

 introduction and encouragement of new and valuable products at the 

 public expense that every enlightened and prosperous nation in the 

 world has established agricultural and other industrial societies, and 

 appropriated to them money for the payment of bounties and premiums. 

 It is upon this same principle that copyrights are secured to authors and 

 patents to inventors by the different nations of the earth. Subsidies to 

 steamship lines and great national railroad entei-prises are prompted by 

 the same enlightened policy as premiums and bounties to individuals for 

 the introduction and cultivation of new and valuable agricultural pro- 

 ducts. Indeed, the justice, the policy and the manifold advantages of 

 governmental encouragement to individual enterprise for the develop- 

 ment of the resources of a country are so well established by reason, and 

 have been so favorably tested by precedent, that we deem it unnecessary 

 to dwell longer upon the subject. 



We believe that the present unfavorable conditiou of the agricultural 

 and other industrial interests of California furnishes one of the strongest 

 arguments ever presented to the Government of any State in favor of the 

 most liberal encouragement of experiments in the introduction and cul- 

 tivation of a variety of new products, and we most earnestl} 7 hope the 

 present Legislature will give this subject their most careful consideration. 



