34 



the farms throughout nearly every county in the State. Nebraska, too, by 

 legislative action in eighteen hundred and sixty-five, offering bounties for 

 rows of ornamental shade trees along her highways, and for groves of 

 forests planted by the acre on private lands, is encouraging this valuable 

 industry, while the Constitutional Convention of Illinois is discussing 

 the propriety of engrafting provisions in the fundamental law, requiring 

 its encouragement by the several counties of the State. On the conti- 

 nent of Europe the several Governments have taken hold of this subject 

 and made it a national interest. There already the artificial forests rank 

 among the most valuable Government property. If we are not careful, 

 Europe will, in a veiy few years, own larger forests of our valuable red- 

 wood trees than California ever could boast of. Germany alone has 

 already exported from this State thousands of dollars worth of the seeds 

 of these valuable trees, and the young forests growing from them are 

 the pride of that country. 



VARIETIES OF TREES. 



Upon this subject there are various opinions as to what kinds should 

 be planted. It is probably well that this variety of opinion exists, as it 

 will likely lead to the planting of a greater number of kinds of trees, 

 and this is just what will lead to the greatest benefits. Experiments 

 have already fully demonsti'ated that nearly all varieties of trees found 

 within the extensive and varied territory of the United States can be 

 successfully grown in airy particular locality. Trees from the extreme 

 South grow thriftilv in the latitude of Boston, though not known in the 

 native forests there, and so the contrary- The different varieties of 

 pines from the summits of the Sierras grow well in our valleys, and the 

 trees of the valleys do well in the mountains. The sugar pine from 

 Siskiyou, the big trees from Calaveras, the redwood from Santa Cruz, 

 and the laurel from Mendocino, may all be seen growing with equal 

 luxuriance in the different gardens of Sacramento. Nearly all the 

 varieties of trees found on the Eastern continents or in South America, 

 have, by actual experiment, been proven to flourish well here, so that 

 artificial forest culture has the advantage of concentrating all the useful 

 varieties of trees in the world, and will thus save the great expense of 

 freight on lumber of particular kinds from one country to another. It 

 is also a mistaken idea that valuable varieties of hard woods grown here 

 will be less valuable than when grown in their native countries. Locust 

 and white mulberry trees grown within two miles of Sacramento are, 

 and have been so proven by experiment, as valuable as when grown in 

 New York or Michigan. 



In the commencement of a forest, we would only recommend that 

 those varieties of seeds or cuttings of plants that can be readily obtained 

 be planted at once, so as to make a beginning — to form a nucleus, and as 

 others can be procured, let them be added. 



The seed of the redwood and of the different varieties of pines and 

 cedar, as well as of all nut-bearing trees, can be gathered in almost any 

 quantity desired, in their season. The cottonwood, the different varieties 

 of mulberry and poplars, can now be obtained in great quantities, and at 

 cheap rates, or they can be propagated from slips and cuttings. 



THE WORLD'S FAIR IN THE UNITED STATES. 



The probabilities are, that before the Legislature assembles again 



