480 Transactions or the 



indispensable fruit ripen with the late sorts of the strawberry, and wa 

 find them on the stands in the market together rivals for public favor, 

 thus keeping up the succession of the early fruits. Within a few years 

 several new and excellent varieties have been added to the rest, which 

 has lengthened the season for raspberries materially. 



PROPAGATION. 



The raspberry is propagated, according to the habits of the different 

 sorts, by suckers, by roots and root cuttings, by layers and by tips. Most 

 of the varieties under cultivation are readily propagated by suckers from 

 the roots. The manner in which I generally propagate the varieties 

 that sucker readily, is to dig up the roots in the Fall — after the plants 

 become dormant — and with priming-shears cut them into pieces two 

 inches long. These pieces are planted in ground carefully prepared for 

 the purpose, in drills fifteen inches apart, and two inches apart in the 

 drill, covering about three inches deep. If properly managed they will 

 grow as readily as so many peas, and by the following Fall will have 

 made fine plants for setting, if they receive the care generally given to 

 a crop of beets. 



There is one species, however, which, as a rule, does not multiply 

 readily in this manner — I refer to the Black raspberry or Black Caps. 

 This variety is generally increased by the tips, or ends of the canes, 

 bending over and taking root in the ground — the end of a single cane 

 with its branches often making a dozen plants. In our warm and dry 

 climate they require more assistance by covering the tips with soil and 

 watering, than they do in the East. 



PLANTS. 



The canes of all the varieties of this class of fruit are only biennial. 

 The fruit is borne on wood of the previous year's growth, wmich dies in 

 the Fall and is replaced by new wood for fruit the following year. One 

 year old plants are always to be preferred for planting; plants grown 

 from root cuttings, as before described, if well grown, I consider the 

 best, because furnished with a larger number of fibrous roots. Those 

 sorts grown from the tips of the canes, (the Cap family,) it is of more 

 importance to select one year old plants for setting, as older plants are 

 more likely to fail with the best of care. 



PLANTING ANB CULTIVATING. 



The land selected for planting should be thoroughly and deeply tilled. 

 If you have plenty of land, and it is desirable to do most of the work 

 with horse and cultivator, lay off the ground so that the lines or 

 furrows will be six feet from center to center, and set the plants at the 

 intersections of the furrows. 



The plants in this climate, especially if the soil is light, should be set 

 two or three inches deeper than they were in the nursery. Spread the 

 roots carefully and tramp the dirt firmly, leaving about six inches of 

 the wood growth above the ground, to indicate the position of the plant. 

 Pressing the dirt firmly about the roots is a very important matter. The 

 new growth should start from the ground, and but two canes allowed 

 to grow the first season. As soon as the young plants can be seen, 

 work them out clean with cultivator and hoe, and keep them well 



