PACKARD. — TRANSFORMATIONS OF SATURNIAN MOTHS. 565 



versity, at Tokio. They began to hatch March 31. Many of the eggs 

 contained Pteronialid parasites in the pupa state ; these emerged at the 

 same time as the larvae, and probably stung them, since they all died 

 before completing their transformations, though several moulted five, and 

 one six times. 



It being too early for the natural food, which Professor Sasaki in- 

 forms me is the chestnut (though the buds were given them), they ate 

 sparingly at first of willow buds, and afterwards the leaves, so that after 

 Stage II the larvae were apparently undersized, and the measurements 

 here given will probably not apply to those raised in the air in their 

 native country. 



Egg. — Cylindrical, more so than usual ; each end obtuse and well 

 rounded; the shell is of a peculiar dull whitish-gray hue, irregularly 

 mottled with blackish. The surface is seen under a strong lens to be 

 finely pitted. Length 2 mm. ; diameter 1 mm. The hole eaten by the 

 larva for its exit is situated at the extreme end. 



Larva. — Stage 1. Length when hatched 5-6 mm. ; width of head 

 1.01 mm. The head is nearly as wide as the body, jet black. The 

 larva is of the usual Saturnian type, and appears much as in that of 

 Telea and Tropaea ; the body cylindrical, rather thick, though a little 

 slenderer than in Telea, etc., and with two separate dorsal tubercles ; 

 and is armed with large tubercles, which give rise to radiating dark setae. 

 The tubercles are black like the body. 



On March 31 all were black, but on the next day (April 1) in three 

 examples the tubercles were livid white, as also the mid-abdominal legs; 

 while the hairs on the back from the dorsal and supraspiracular tuber- 

 cles are black, those on the side of the body are pale. Yet these indi- 

 viduals had not freshly hatched, as there were no egg-shells in the box 

 with them. 



The tubercles and their size relative to the body much as in other 

 Attacine larvae in their first stage; they are high, well developed. Those 

 of the tergum of the prothoracic segment are minute, arising from a pale 

 plate or area, and are about a fifth to a quarter as large as those on the 

 segments behind. On thoracic segments 2 and 3 and on the abdominal 

 segments all the tubercles of the two dorsal rows are a little higher than 

 thick, giving rise to 8-9 dark radiating unequal hairs, one or two of 

 which are longer, sometimes nearly twice as long as the others ; they 

 are on the average about one-half as long as the body is thick. They 

 are minutely barbed, the barbs being short. The two dorsal tubercles 

 on the 8th abdominal segment are no higher than those in front, :ill 



