SKELETON. 47 



bridge over the prootic ; ethmoid not 

 reaching praemaxillaries . P. cidtvipes. 

 2. Vertebrae notched between the zygapo- 

 physes ; diapophyses of sacral vertebra 

 moderately dilated ; sternum cartilagi- 

 nous ; praecoracoid entering the glenoid 

 cavity; six bones in carpus, three in distal 

 tarsal row ; long bones with calcified epi- 

 physes. 



a. Distal phalanges obtuse ; three carpal 



bones in contact with radius-ulna; omo- 



sternum absent (Bufonid^e) . Bafo. 



No fronto-parietal fontanelle ; urostyle longer 



than the skull ...... B. vulgaris. 



A small fronto-parietal fontanelle, disappearing 

 in old specimens ; urostyle slightly longer 



than the skull B. viridis. 



A large fronto-parietal fontanelle; urostyle as 

 long as the skull B. calamita. 



b. Distal phalanges claw-shaped; two carpal 



bones in contact with radius-ulna ; omo- 

 sternum cartilaginous (HvLiDiE) . Hyla. 



II. Praecoracoid straight ; no arched epicoracoid 

 cartilage (Firmisternia). 

 Vertebras procoelous, notched between the zyga- 

 pophyses ; no autogenous ribs ; diapophyses 

 of sacral vertebra cylindrical ; omosternum 

 and sternum with a bony style ; six bones in 

 carpus, two in contact with radius-ulna ; three 

 distal tarsal bones ; long bones with calcified 

 epiphyses (Ranid2e) Raiia. 



a. Zygomatic branch of squamosal veiw long, 



nearly twice as long as the posterior ; fronto- 

 parietals very narrow, grooved ; second 

 diapophysis not once and a half as long as 

 the seventh R. esculenta. 



b. Zygomatic branch of squamosal a little longer 



or a little shorter than the posterior ; second 



