490 DUNN. 



Hynobius tsuensis Abe. 



1907. Hynobius nebulosus Tago (part), Tokyo Zool. Mag., 19, p. 201, 233; 



Sternfeld 1916, Sitz. Ber. Gesch. Nat. Fr. Berlin, p. 172. 

 1921. Hynobius tsuensis Abe, Tokyo Zool. Mag., 34, p. 331. 

 1923. Hynobius bicolor Dunn, Proe. California Acad. Sci., (4), XII. 2, p. 28 



(Tsu-shima, South Island). 



Type: In Tokyo Zoological Museum (?). 



Type Locality: "Tsu-shima." 



Range: Known only from Tsu-shima, South Island. 



Diagnosis: Vomerine series medium; tail somewhat flattened; 

 costal grooves 13-14; toes 5; sides of tail black; middorsal line of 

 tail yellow; yellow with black mottling; males black. 



Description: Cal. Acad. Sci. Xo. 26447, Type, adult male; 13-14 

 costal grooves; one costal fold between appressed toes; head width 

 5 j in length from snout to vent; head length 3^ in length of body; 

 head an oval as seen from above; eye as long as its distance from tip 

 of snout; outline of jaw straight as seen from side; angle of jaw back 

 of hind angle of eye; lower eyelid fitting under upper in front and 

 behind; a groove from eye to gular fold; a groove from tins down 

 behind angle of jaw; limbs well developed; fingers 2, 3, 4, 1 in order 

 of length; toes 3, 4, 2, 5, 1 in order of length; a tubercle under base of 

 first digit of hand and foot; tail as long as body, cylindrical at base, 

 flattened at tip, just past level reached by appressed toes trigonal with 

 a low keel above, scarcely widened anywhere; vent a longitudinal slit, 

 forking forwards so that there is a small triangular flap at apex; 

 vomerine series beginning behind inner border of nares; a short for- 

 ward and incurving branch of 6 teeth; a long branch of 20 teeth ex- 

 tending straight back and a little inwards; series separated from its 

 fellow anteriorly by \\ length of outer branch, posteriorly by \ length 

 of outer branch ; series extends from level of anterior edge of nares to 

 hind quarter of eye socket; length of inner branch equals distance 

 from outer edge of naris to peak of opposite series ; black above, with 

 irregular lighter flecks; middorsal line of tail light; gray beneath; 

 sides of body marbled gray and light; sides of tail black above, shading 

 into gray below; total length 129 mm., head 17, body 56, tail 56. 



Variation: A female, Cal. Acad. Sci. No. 26491, same data, differs 

 as follows; 14 costal grooves; 3 costal folds between appressed toes; 

 head width 6 in length from snout to vent; head length 3| in length 

 of body; tail shorter than body; vent a simple slit; yellow above 

 with small irregular black spots which tend to connect with each 



