ILLINOIS HOKTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 287 



eased plants dry up as fast as the disease shows itself, in which case 

 there would not be a full stand, and such a patch can not be profit- 

 able. 



Mr. Riehl said all this could be avoided by planting plants grown 

 from root cuttings. Roots that are affected have their vitality im- 

 paired by the disease, and will fail to grow when cut into small 

 pieces, as when made into root cuttings; hence all the roots that do 

 grow and make plants are free from the disease. He knew this to 

 be a fact from actual trial. In 1885 a neighbor plowed up a patch 

 of Kittatinny that was so affected with rust as to be worthless. Mr. 

 Riehl collected a quantity of these roots, cut them into small pieces 

 and planted in nursery rows, and about one-fifth grew, and made 

 fine plants. Last spring he planted about an acre 4x8 feet, and got 

 a fine growth. Up to date not a trace of rust has shown itself. 

 Besides being free from rust, plants grown from root cuttings have 

 better roots and make a far better growth than suckers, and are 

 really better and worth double the price asked for them, compared 

 with suckers as a gift. 



Mr. Browne expressed doubts as to the correctness of these views, 

 because he once plowed up a patch of Lawton blackberries, and re- 

 moved and burned all the roots he could find aud planted to corn. 

 Many plants grew, and looked so fine that the following spring he 

 planted them out, but they all rusted and died before they came into 

 bearing. 



Mr. Riehl replied that these were not parallel cases. The roots 

 left in the ground by the plow varied from a few inches to several 

 feet in length, and their vitality but little impaired compared to a 

 root cutting of two or three inches; besides, they grow in the rust- 

 infested soil of the old patch, while the root cutting is grown on 

 new, clean land. 



CULTURE AND VARIETIES OF THE RASPBERRY. 



BY E. A. RIEHL, ALTON. 



From the experience of the past two seasons I cannot be very 

 enthusiastic, for the profits have been very small. Any good land 

 will answer, which should be well prepared by plowing and harrow- 

 ing. 1 think, however, that the after cultivation is of more import- 

 ance than the preparation of the ground before planting. I prefer 

 to plant in rows, both ways, 4x8 feet for Black Caps and 3x7 for the 



