140 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [MaE. 13 



From this classification is omitted the Salmo Agassizii of 

 Lake Monadnock, N. H., now I'ecognized as a variety of brook 

 trout, and the Salmo hvcho, or hunchen trout, meutioned by Dr. 

 Smith in his "Natural History of the Fishes of Massachusetts," 

 1833, and therein claimed to be related to the true Hacho of the 

 Danube. Its forked tail, dusky hue, and reddish spots, coupled 

 with the statement that it was brought to market in a frozen 

 condition from lakes in New Hampshire and Maine, make it 

 probable that the Massachusetts hucho was merely a variety of 

 namaycufth. 



Even Professor Jordan, in an article on the Salmon Family, 

 published in "Science Sketches," as late as 1888, is silent as 

 regards a fourth New England species ; although Professor 

 Garmau, of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge, 

 in his paper on the American Salmon and Trout (1885), calls 

 attention, under the head of Salmo font inalis to a form, Fig. 16, 

 of which he says : " A knowledge of the younger stages of this 

 fish from the same locality may lead to a separation of the 

 form." Subsequent research has led to such a separation, and 

 ichthyologists now admit the presence of a fourth variet}^ of 

 Salvehnus in New England — the Alpinus Aureolus, a golden- 

 hued Alpine charr, whose life history and general characteristics 

 it is the purpose of this paper to present. 



As far as is known, the first specimens of this new fish to be 

 distinguished from the well-known forms were taken in Sunapee 

 Lake, Mei-rimac County, New Hampshire, during the summer 

 of 1881, by Lieut. Ransom F. Sargent and Alonzo J. Cheney, 

 respectively of New London and Wilmot — experienced anglers 

 who immediately recognized in the three individuals captured 

 by them specimens of a salmonoid distinct from the namaycush 

 and from the brook trout of the region. The fish taken weighed 

 from two to three pounds each, and were known by the name 

 of " St. John's River trout," because they were believed to be 

 descendants of fry planted in the lake in 1867, by the first Fish 

 Commissioners of the State and supposed by the resident popula- 

 tion to have come from the St. John River, N. B. The conspicu- 

 ous development of the under jaw in the males led to the local 

 names of " Hawk bill " and " Hook bill " ; the silvery sides of 

 the fish in summer gave rise to that of " white trout." In the 

 two following years, 1882 and 1883, a sufficient number of the 

 deep-swimming stranger was taken to excite comment and 

 conjecture on the part of outsiders who had heard of its 

 presence in Sunapee Lake ; and in 1884, Colonel Elliott B, 

 Hodge, of Plymouth, the New Hampshire Fish and Game 

 Commissioner, finding confirmation in the reports that reached 



