46 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [DeC. 5 



One of the most interesting clay banks is that on Fisher 

 Island. The clay is of a reddish color similar to that on West 

 Neck, and Centre Island, in Oyster Bay, and in its normal con- 

 dition Avas horizontally stratified and overlain by 20 to 30 feet 

 of stratified sand. But the whole deposit has been disturbed by 

 the ice sheet passing over it. The layers have been ground and 

 crumpled. On toj^ of all is a heavy deposit of till with large 

 boulders. 



There is a rather extensive deposit of stonj' glacial clay between 

 Greenport and Sovithold. 



At West Deer Park is a clay bank of unique appearance. The 

 section is : 



Yellow gravel 

 Containing j Flesh-uolored clay 

 concretions j lied claj' .... 



Black claj" with pyrite 



Black sandy clay 



Red sandy clay 



Total thickness ... 20 feet. 



The nest time I visited this locality the section showed only a 

 brilliant red clay on top, with the black clay underneath, and in 

 the centre of this latter a large lenticular mass of gray sand. 

 The black clay burns white. 



About four miles below this the clay bank presents a totally 

 different appearance. 



Sand and gravel .... 6 feet. 

 Red sandy clay .... 6 feet. 



Yellow and red sand, wavy laminations 2 feet. 

 Reddish yellow clay ... 6 feet. 



Blue clay 2J feet. 



Micaceous sand, cross-bedded . — 



Total thickness ... 40 feet. 



These two last-mentioned deposits are just south of the moraine. 



At East Williston is a local deposit of blue sandy clay, also 

 mentioned by Dr. Merrill. On my last visit to this locality I 

 found a number of stems and fragments of leaves in it, although 

 nothing sufiSciently well i^reserved for identification. 



Most of the clay beds on Long Island show signs of disturb- 

 ance In some, as at Cold Spring, overthrown anticlines have 

 been formed. Therefore, a knowledge of the dip and strike of 

 the beds is not alwaj's of great help. 



Economic Impo7iance of the Clays. 

 The economic value of the clays of New York State is becom- 



