164 . [Senate 



344,452 bushels of oats. 



7,420 do buckwheat. 



157,530 do corn. 



305,978 do potatoes. 



168,200 pounds of wool. 

 321,233 do maple sugar. 



26,906 tons of hay. 

 Dairy products valued at $101,816. 

 Silk is made to some extent, and the cultivation increasing. 



5th. Markets. — The wheat is marketed at points upon the Tonawan- 

 da railroad, or the Erie or Genesee Valley canals, and among the mil- 

 lers in the county. Barley is generally drawn to Buffalo and sold. There 

 is no particular market for oats, and I believe they are consumed 

 within the county; the same with corn, buckwheat and potatoes. 

 Cattle are driven east and south, though a considerable number are 

 slaughtered in Buffalo. That city also consumes a large portion of 

 cur surplus sheep and lambs. A large portion of the pork made in 

 the county has also been sold there. 



6th. Cultivation. — The system of cultivation has changed some with- 

 in a few years. If there is any regular system it is to be found more 

 or less in a rotation of crops, though not to the extent and regularity 

 that is desirable or would be profitable for the farmer. There is very 

 little old meadow or pasture, as experience has fully convinced the 

 farmers that nothing is gained by leaving a field down to grass for 

 any number of years. 



Wheat is raised after summer fallow, peas, and in some instances 

 barley and corn. Corn generally comes off too late to ensure a cer- 

 tain crop of wheat after it. For a few years past wheat has done the 

 best which has been sown early in September. It is not uncommon 

 to take two or three crops of wheat from the same field with only a 

 fallow intervening. Then seed down with clover, and mow or pas- 

 ture for two or three years, turn .under the clover, and again sow on 

 wheat. The most approved method by judicious farmers is to turn 

 over the grown sward in the fall or spring, for peas or a hoed crop, 

 as corn or potatoes. Wheat succeeds the peas in the fall, and barley 

 or peas succeed the corn, when wheat follows. A fallow intervenes, 

 wheat again follows, and the land is seeded, and left to meadow or 

 pasture for two or three years, when it is again put under the plow. 

 Gypsum is used upon the wheat and clover. This course has been 

 found to increase the fertility of the land, without any outlay for ma- 

 nure. The manure made in the winter is usually applied to hoed 

 crops in the spring. Manure begins to be considered an important 

 article, but no attention is yet paid to manufacturing it by artificial 

 means; the compost heap is seldom seen. 



Draining has been carried on in some towns to a considerable 

 extent, and has been found very advantageous. There are but 

 few farms that cannot be benefited by underd raining, or by open 

 ditches. 



