244 Wisconsin State Horticultural Society. 



points, parallel arms one foot apart will be formed, to which to 

 fasten the arms of the vine. Strips of board may be used in place 

 of these wires, if desired. Any mechanic who can frame the 

 rafters for a building will have no difficulty in constructing a trellis 

 of this kind. 



This trellis is equally adapted to a side hill; the posts are then 



set perpendicular, and the vines will be longest on the upper side. 



By training on this trellis, pruning is simplified and is more easily 



und erstood; the spurs being all at right angles with the main cane, 



are easily laid down and covered, for winter protection. 



In setting out a vineyard, plant good two year old vines* 

 At the fall pruning, cut back to three buds. The second year 

 train a single cane to a stake. Cut this back to two feet after the 

 leaves have fallen off in the fall. The third season a trellis will be 

 required. After the fall pruning, the vine will appear as shown 

 in figure 1. 



Well developed buds upon mature wood are essential to produc- 

 ing good grapes. Summer pruning, or rather pinching, will secure 

 these. The cane shown in figure 1 will produce a shoot from each 

 bud, upon which two or three clusters of grapes will set; pinch off 

 the end of each of these shoots two or three leaves from the last 

 bunch of fruit; pinch off all laterals except the last one; after these 

 have extended two joints, pinch them off again, with the exception 

 of two or three of the upper shoots; these will act as a safety-valve 

 to the vine to prevent the pushing of the next season fruit buds. To 

 allow a large growth of shoots the most of the summer, and then slash 

 them off with a sickle, is all wrong, damaging both fruit and vine. 

 Early pinching is beneficial to both. Those wonderful bunches of 

 Concord and Rogers' grapes, grown by V. Lowe, of Palmyra, are 

 secured by early pinching of the vines. The vine shown by figure 

 1 will produce a medium crop of fruit. The shoots are to be kept 

 well pinched during the summer, and at the end of the season it 

 aa ill appear as shown in figure 2; when pruned the same vine is 

 represented in figure 3. The following season two shoots will 

 grow from each spur on the vine, which are to be treated the same 

 as the previous year. In pruning the next season, cut off the 

 poorest shoot on each spur and shorten the one left to two buds, 

 and the vine will be substantially the same as shown in figure 3. 

 When the spurs have extended so as to bring the fruiting wood too 



