Entomological Notes. 293 



its peculiar markings. It has two clearly defined stripes of chalk 

 white, running from its head to the extremity of its body; its an- 

 tenna? are long, slender, and bend backward, with a sharp curve for- 

 ward near the extremity. The face, underside of the body and 

 legs, are also white. Its length is about three-quarters of an inch. 

 They appear during the months of June and July — some earlier, 

 some later. The female beetle soon lays her eggs upon the bark of 

 the tree, near the ground. In about two weeks these eggs hatch, 

 and the young worm commences to drill into the bark, crowding its 

 castings out behind it. A careful examination of the trees during 

 the fall of the first season, and the greater part of the second, will 

 reveal their castings, and unerringly make known the location of 

 the larvae. 



The second year it bores into the sap wood, cutting in no given 

 direction; sometimes striking in toward the heart, at others run- 

 ning up or down, and yet again passing around the tree, girdling 

 it by cutting off the sap wood. The third year they generally take 

 an upward direction, either striking through the heart wood to the 

 other side of the tree, or bending outward, in order to bring the 

 upper end of the gallery to the outside bark. Here, at the close 

 of the third season, the occupant closes the passage in front and 

 rear, by packing it firmly with refuse and saw dust, and lies during 

 the winter in a torpid state. In the spring it enters into the pupa 

 state, and soon becomes a perfect beetle. In a short time the 

 beetle tears away the saw dust at the upper end of the hole, and 

 cuts its way through the bark. Figure 14 shows the perfect beetle; 

 the pupa; the larva? in different stages of its growth; the holes 

 where it enters and leaves the tree. 



The Flat Headed Apple Tree Borer. 



Chrysobolhris femorata. — Fab. 



The natural habitat of this insect is supposed to be the oak, 

 from the fact that it is sometimes found in great numbers in diseased 

 trees and old decaying stumps of the white oak, but it also works 

 in the soft maple and other forest trees, as well as various kinds of 

 cultivated fruit trees. In many places it is even more destructive 

 to the orchard than the round headed borer. This beetle belongs 

 to the Buprestida? family, an entirely different family from the one 



