Entomological Notes. 302 



oval in shape. They are supposed to pass the winter both in the 

 pupa and fly state. 



Very early sowing is recommended as a preventive. This may 

 be, in a measure, effectual with radishes, but would be of little 

 avail with early cabbage, as they will attack, and when in large 

 numbers will destroy quite large plants. A frequent change of 

 ground, each time selecting a site as far removed from the old bed 

 as possible, is said to lessen the damage done by them. The use 

 of hot water is also recommended; also salt and salt water, and 

 lime; but the probable result of their application would be, that 

 unless these remedies are used when the eggs and maggots are at 

 or very near the surface, the application sufficient to kill the pest 

 would also kill the plant. Those who have used lime water, how- 

 ever, say that while it is inimical, even in a solution of moderate 

 strength, to insect life, it is comparatively harmless to vegetation^ 

 A more laborious, but yet an effectual remedy, would be to pull up 

 and destroy every plant infected with them. These plants are 

 worse than worthless, as the only purpose they can serve is to- 

 bring to maturity the enemy who will destroy the hopes of the 

 next season. If this is done promptly as soon as the plants show 

 signs of injury, and is followed up faithfully, their numbers will be 

 greatly diminished, and in two or three seasons the pest will be 

 nearly exterminated. 



New York Weevil. 



Ithycerus noveboracensis. — Forster. 



Fortunately, this foe to the apple tree, which is doing much 

 damage in orchards east and south of us, is comparatively little 

 known in this state; but the indications are that it is rapidly in- 

 creasing in numbers where it has obtained a foothold, and that it 

 will become as well known and as destructive as the codling moth 

 and curculio. In the past two years, many trees in orchards in 

 Grant and Iowa counties have been seriously injured by them. 

 "Were but a small part of the care and labor given to their destruc- 

 tion on their first appearance which will have to be given yearly 

 should they ever become established, they might be exterminated, or 

 be so held in check as not to extend their field of operations or prove 



