74 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



Hon. S. H. West — In the paper just read Mr. Bryant speaks of 

 protection by shelter belts. I would like to ask him on which side 

 were the orchards protected ? 



A. Bryant — On different sides. One of those referred to is 

 protected on the north and east, and one on the north and west. 



Hon. S. H. West — I was induced by the teachings of this So- 

 ciety to plant shelter belts, and my own experience has taught me 

 that on the south and west is where they should be planted ; and that 

 orchards open to the north and east are more productive than if pro- 

 tected on those sides. 



S. M. Slade — This experience corroborates the case I referred 

 to yesterday. This orchard, forty or fifty years planted, is the only 

 one which can be called successful in my neighborhood, and is pro- 

 tected on the south and west. 



Prof. Budd — In connection with this subject of planting ever- 

 greens for protection belts I will call your attention to a very valu- 

 able conifer — the Riga Pine (Pinus Sylvestris; var. Bigmisis). In 

 most countries of Europe there is, I think, a law imposing heavy 

 penalties for planting the common Scotch pine, or as it is there 

 called, the Alsace pine, because of the great superiority of this va- 

 riety of the same species. It should be known that Mr. Douglas, 

 of Waukegan, is growing this valuable pine extensively. 



S. G. Minkler — Evergreens for belts and hedges are frequently 

 planted too near together. I planted a spruce hedge three and a half 

 feet apart, and find that it is too close, and that it must be kept cut 

 back. 



T. McWhorter — I can corroborate that statement, that it will 

 not do to crowd the plants too much. Four feet is about the proper 

 distance. If planted too close the life of the plant is endangered. 

 Properly clipped they make a beautiful hedge. 



Samuel Edwards — After consulting Dr. Warder and following 

 his advice, I planted eighty rods of hedge, putting the trees four feet 

 apart. 



Hon. S. H. West — Can these evergreen hedges be made to turn 

 cattle, or are they only for ornament and wind-brakes. \ 



