STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 69 



J. M. Robison — The high hmd. 



Parker Earle — This is not a condition of elevation at all, but of 

 something else. I don't like to hear this talk; we really don't mean 

 to say lands are better for an orchard because they are lower. The 

 low lands are always colder than the high lands or ridges. I have 

 seen a location in Micliigaii w here jieacli buds were all killed, and 

 near by, on a location twenty feet higher, they were uninjured. Let 

 me call attenti(ni to another feature. Action of fungi are so much 

 worse on low than on high ground; and then we must not forget 

 that all this preference for low lands has come up since the great 

 drouth of 1881, followed by a cold winter — circumstances that may 

 never occur again. 



Dr. Schroeder — A farmer may not have the best location for an 

 orchard on his farm; he must then choose such varieties as are best 

 adapted to his soil and location. 



Prof. Budd— When visiting the '' King's Pomological Institute," 

 at I'roskau, in North Silesia, I found it in charge of the veteran 

 horticulturalist, Dr. Stole, 80 years old. If I had asked him for a 

 list of popular varieties, he would have replied: " On such a soil we 

 plant such a variety, on such a stock." These gardens are situ- 

 ated north of the fiftieth parallel of latitude, on the edge of the 

 great steppes; and one will see at a glance, as he wanders over the 

 ground, that the varieties of fruits of all kinds which succeed here 

 are not those of England. France, and Belgium, where our fruits 

 mainly come from. Take the Duchesse as a representative of one 

 race, and the Kambo of the other, and we find the leaf of the for- 

 mer has four rows of palisade cells and the latter but two, proving 

 how much better prepared the Duchesse class is to endure the vari- 

 able summer and winter climates of this great plain of Europe, as 

 well as that of our own section. 



P. P. Miller — I think the selection of varieties has much to do 

 with the fruitfulness of our orchards. In my orchard Snow, Ben 

 Davis, BellHower and Domine have been fairly productive. My man 

 lately told me that my soil was too rich to raise apples; but I have 

 one tree, the roots of which run under a numure pile, and it is 

 abundantly fruitful; contradicting emphatically his theory. 



