SSTATE llOiniCLLTLKAL SOClKTV. 13 



Henry Mortimer — It is true of most viirieties. trees must be 

 planted every few years. But Duchess. Snow, and a few other vai'i- 

 eties, have in my orchard produced t<ood fruit for twenty years: 

 however, even of these, young trees give the best fruit. We have. 

 [ think, too much vegetable nuitter in our prairie soil, causing our 

 trees to nuike a too vigorous growth. I have practiced ringing to 

 .some extent, but do not look uj)on it with favor, except, it might 

 he. in a new country, where it is desirable to get fruit early. I 

 think we practice planting too close: would advise planting thirty- 

 five to forty feet apart. 



Mr. Martin 1 have two varieties of apple trees, one of them 

 the Duchess, that were planted in 1851). and they are good and 

 healthy yet. 1 would not recommend the barking of trees. 



S. G. Minkler I had the l)arking fever years ago. l)ut have 

 fully recovered. Last winter has so affected the orchards that juany 

 of the trees will not need barking or anything else. In fact, if in- 

 juriug a tree will make it bear, we ought to have a wonderful croit 

 next year, as we find very few trees that have not been iiioie or 

 less injured by climatic influences during the last two years, in 

 reply to Di-. Sclmeder. 1 will say. 1 have had large experience in to])- 

 grafting and budding trees, and such ti-ees are )io longer-lived than 

 root-grafted trees. 



W. T. Xi'lsou — No trees are hardy in my nursery except 

 Duchess: all others are more or less injured. I think we will find 

 ]de7itv of firewood in our orcdiards next year. 



President (xalusha I have a letter from a friend in Iowa, say- 

 inc: that two luindi'ed coi-ds lA' dead wood lia<l been rut from his 

 orchards this year. 



.1. M. K'obison The disbarkinii- which has been described is 

 rather severe. In the ondiard of Mr. Spaulding. near S])ringtitdd. 

 which has l)eeu often (pioted as proof of the good effects of disbark- 

 ing. the mode followed is (piite different. He removes a ring of bark 

 about half an inch in width, which very soon grows over. This 

 ringing has l)een repeated on some trees three times without injury. 

 His trees are young and vigorous, ami the plan has doubtless been a 

 success in this particular instance. Trees were planted sixteen feet 

 apart in this orchard, with the expectation of losing some in ex])eri- 



