190 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [1892 



attained superior growth, and the sandy layers and strata 

 are correspondingly undeveloped, or even omitted. On 

 the western side of Cheesquake creek the Alternate Clay 

 Sand series has an exposure of the alternating thin layers 

 of drab or dark clay parted by the fine white sand, in 

 which the black clay marl is reduced to a minimum. Two 

 miles west of this point, in the high ridge back of South 

 Amboy, a " Clay Bank " is being excavated on the prop- 

 erty of Mr. Whitehead, where the section shows finely the 

 relation of nearly the whole column of strata belonging to 

 the Raritan Clay complex. As work has not there pro- 

 gressed to a great depth, the lower and lowest strata 

 cannot be seen, but by going to the side of the cliff on 

 the Raritan river we are enabled- to discriminate the 

 entire series of strata, from the river to the summit of the 

 ridge, or to a height of more than 100 feet above tide. 



This combination of exposures shows that the fine white 

 plastic clay forms the base of the series, and that the other 

 varieties of the Woodbridge Clays and sandy clays con- 

 tinue it up to the Kaolin bed, which there gives a thick- 

 ness of at least six feet, l^ext above this comes about 

 eight feet of sandy pale clay, and over it rests five feet of 

 pale, fine plastic potter's clay of great smoothness. These 

 clay strata are generally well distinguished by a structural 

 break of great distinctness. This last upper member of 

 the fine marketable clays is eroded into dome-like promi- 

 nences, and upon its uneven surface rests the Black dense 

 Clay Marl. This member rises a few feet and then grades 

 into the typical Alternate Clay Sand, which is in turn 

 overlaid by another stratum of the Black Clay Marl. The 

 whole of this last combination reaches a thickness of about 

 twelve feet. The upper part of this group has suflered 

 by erosion, followed by cross bedding through a diagonal 

 hollow or trough about six feet deep. 



The cover above this is the Quaternary yellow sand, 



