1895] MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 313 



from Pennsylvania. On November 7, '91, I saw one that had 

 been shot in Carroll County. 



"The Indian hen used to be common round Cumberland, but 

 is now very rare" (Z. Laney). 



Melanerpes erythrocephalus (406). Red-headed Woodpecker. 



This very erratic species, common one year in a certain locality 

 and the next entirely absent or only in limited numbers, is 

 resident, migratory or anything else, apparently at its own sweet 

 will. During tlie severe winter of '92-3 Mr. W. N. Wholey 

 and I had 8 or 10 birds that we went out regularly to see. 

 They were resident in localities about one-half mile apart and 

 stayed all winter; one was very noisy, the others were silent. 

 The following winter none remained. May 3 ('91) and June 19 

 ('92) are extremes for eggs. Sets are 3 of 5, 1 of 4, and 1 of 3. 

 As a rule they dig their own holes, telegraph poles being often 

 used, but on May 3, '91, I found three fresh eggs in a hollow 

 log leaning against a fence. The entrance was 15 inches from 

 top to bottom and 4 inches across, while the cavity only went 

 down 6 inches. 



At Washington "not very common and local. It usually 

 spends the winter in smaller numbers, or else keeps more 

 secluded" (Richmond). 



Melanerpes carolinus (409). Eed-bellied Woodpecker. 



This southern species is not common around Baltimore. 

 Occasionally noted from August 3 ('87, Resler) to May 16 (91, 

 Blogg). "Rather common near Laurel, where it is a perma- 

 nent resident" (Richmond). At Washington it is given as "a 

 permanent resident, rare" (A. C, 83); " very rare, Mr. Hen- 

 shaw saw an individual about the last of May, '87" (C. W. 

 Kichmond, Auk, v, 21). In Queen Anne's County they were 

 quite numerous on March 4 and 5, '93, though there was 12 

 inches of snow on the ground, and the thermometer went down 

 to 8° during the intervening night. 



