No. 105.] 435 



directed efforts of the farmer among us. To refer to one or two cases 

 in point : Mr. Oliver C. Crocker of Union, who took the first premium 

 on butter at our Fair, and the second on twenty-five pounds made in 

 June, at the State Fair, has sold his whole dairy, which will reach, 

 probably, about three tons, at eighteen pence a pound at his own door, 

 for the New-York market. And this sale was effected, in consequence 

 of the w^ell known quality of Mr. Crocker's butter, several months ago, 

 at a time when ordinary butter was selling in this vicinity, we presume, 

 for nine or ten cents. Three tons of butter at eighteen pence a pound, 

 amount to $1125.00 — a handsome sum for a farmer from his dairy 

 merely. Again, Mr. Joseph Carman of this town, has raised this year 

 from forty acres of land, two thousand and one hundred bushels of oats, 

 eighty-one bushels of which were the produce of a single acre. Mr. 

 Carman sent his oats to New-York, and sold them for forty-two and 

 one-fourth cents per bushel, thus receiving for his crop of oats alone, 

 $887.25. 



The dairy establishments in Chenango, Madison, Herkimer, Dutch- 

 ess, Orange, and other parts of the state, are worthy of a study. 

 Broome, is soon to be placed side by side with the best of these. Her 

 soil for dairying is equal to any ; and dairying must soon be our great 

 source of wealth. We can grow grain as well as some of our neigh- 

 bors, but we can make butter and cheese of better quality and with a 

 better profit, than most of them. In butter, we are already doing 

 well — in cheese, as yet but little. 



One word as to quality. In general it costs but a very little more 

 to make a prime article, than it does a common one ; and it is surpris- 

 ing what a difference in price there is. Good dairy cheese commands, 

 we believe, of late years, five or six cents a pound ; but many dairies 

 bring much more. Mr. Lewis M. Norton, of Goshen, Ct., makes 

 what is called piiie apple cheese ; that is, small cheeses weighing about 

 five pounds, and pressed in a mold into the shape of a pine apple. 

 His cheese in this form nets him ten cents a pound. Mr. Norris Coe, 

 of Winchester, in the same state, makes cheese of such superior 

 quality, that it usually commands from sixteen to eighteen cents per 

 pound by the quantity, in the New-York market, and retails at from 

 twenty to twenty-five. Mr. C. is so particular with his cheese, that 

 he has a perfectly dark room, constructed within another room, where 

 he keeps it cool and safe until it is sold. Mr. Robert Pell of West- 

 chester Co. in this state, sold from three to four thousand barrels of 

 his superior Newtown Pippin in New-York, this fall, at six dollars per 

 barrel. Last season they sold in London at $21 per barrel, and 

 some of them were actually retailed at a guinea a dozen, that is, about 

 forty-five cents an apple. So much for quality. The farmer should 

 be satisfied with nothing short of the very highest degree of perfection 

 in the article he produces, and he will find his profit in it. Mr. Crocker 

 of Union sells his butter at eighteen pence, when good butter brings but 

 ten ; and his neighbors, Jesse Richards and Lawrence Allen, and some 

 others of our prime farmers, we presume, do nearly if not quite as 

 much. 



[Senate, No. 105.J 28 



