496 [Senate 



sample in the four ears marked B. This I have also cultivated sepa- 

 rate, and with great care. Both of the above are valuable kinds of 

 corn for our State. Both mature very early. I have had the Button 

 twelve-rowed corn, procured of Judge Buel, which was eight days la- 

 ter than either of the above Vermont kinds. 



Out of these two kinds, A and B, I have produced a third variety 

 by crossing and carefully selecting. Forty ears of which is sent. 

 For the last six years I have been carefully crossing, and at the time 

 of planting, judiciously selecting such ears as appeared to be a me- 

 dium between the two kinds ; until I think I have procured the third 

 variety, darker color than the kind marked A, but not as dark yellow 

 as that marked B. This is very early corn, and much admired in our 

 State. We plant it in rich loam land, hills 3 by 3i each way ; four 

 stalks in a hill. It produces about 50 bushels to the acre. The stalk 

 is rather small, bearing generally two ears to each stalk ; the kernels, 

 you will observe, stand close together, a small cob and very stiff. 

 But a very few " nubbins" or " pig ears" are gathered from this kind. 

 The ears are generally sizable and sound ; it is the best corn in our 

 State. It took the first premium at the Addison county show, October 

 2d, 1845. 



This corn planted farther south would of course grow larger, and 

 not ripen in so short a time as in our State. Within three years it 

 would be equal or superior to that marked A. 



WHEAT. 



STATEMENT OF JOHN G- BERGEN. 



GowANus, Sept. 23, 1845. 



The ground the summer previous to sowing was occupied by pota- 

 toes and squashes, of about equal quantity each. The potato ground 

 was plowed after the crop came off, before manuring for the wheat ; 

 the squash ground was not. Manured the potato ground in the spring 

 with sea-weed from the beach j the squashes with street manure from 

 New-York, spread broadcast ; both crops manured in the hill, and 

 both on mellow ground, or where plow and hoe crops had grown the 

 previous year. 



The ground was prepared for sowing wheat by carting thereon 

 about 60 loads of street manure, (New-York corporation cartage,) at 

 12| cents per load and 15 cents freight ; total, $16.50. Plowed the 

 ground immediately preceding sowing, and sowed about the 28th Sep- 

 tember, 1844, with timothy, and in the spring with clover. Wheat 

 heavy in straw ; heads large ; about one-fourth lodged ; heaviest in 

 potato ground ; harvested when ripe ; shelled out more than sufficient 

 to sow the ground ; on which was sowed a trifle less than four bushels. 



