No. 85.] 101 



The cattle are wintered on cornstalks, straw, and roots ; sheep on 

 chaff, straw, and shorts, of which I feed annually from 1,000 to 

 2,000 bushels. I always endeavor to feed as well as I can, with the 

 fodder I have — not to pamper nor waste. 



The amount sold from the products of the farm, from 1830 to 1840, 

 was great, averaging from $2,200 to $3,200 per annum, independent 

 of our farm living — it being only the amount sold. The expenses 

 during the same period, including every expense belonging to the 

 farm excepting those of my own and Mrs. G.'s labor, of which we 

 make no account, was from $1,200 to $1,600 per annum. The crop 

 of 1840 amounted to $1,818.76; expenses, $1,296.15— 1841, $1,- 

 802.44 ; expenses $1 ,244.28—1842, $1,578.02, expenses $1,204— 

 1843, $1,639.63; expenses $1,219.10. I can give all particulars 

 relative to these amounts, but this communication is already too long. 

 The plaster and mill-feed increases the amount both in the expenses 

 and income. 



Owing to the failure of my clover, I have the present season more 

 acres in wheat, more in fallow, less in hoed crops, less in grass, and 

 fewer sheep than usual — viz., 57 acres in wheat, 43 in fallow, 10 in 

 barley, 10 in hoed crops, of which 2 are in potatoes, 3 roots, and 5 

 corn ; and 8 in oats. 



Stock, 10 horses, 26 cattle, 24 hogs, 190 old sheep, and 60 lambs. 

 Present season, 4 men by the year from the middle of July ; one 

 more for the season ; 3 one month in hay and harvest, and one by 

 the day through wheat cutting. 



And I would further state, that the great difference in my wheat 

 crop per acre, in the various years, was more owing to the seasons 

 than to the cultivation, or the condition of the land to produce a 

 crop. The crops of 1833-4-5 were very heavy, yet the ground was 

 not in any better condition than it was in 1836, and 1837, when the 

 crops were light ; and the same may be said of 1841 and 1842. The 

 crop of 1842 was the lightest I ever had, being only 19 bushels per 

 acre, owing to the rust j for if it had not rusted, it would have been 

 30 bushels per acre. 



The present season all my crops are more abundant than they were 

 the three years previous ; and my expenses rather less, having fewer 

 laborers employed. 



Yours most respectfully, 



WILLIAM GARBUTT. 



ONEIDA COUNTY, 



The report from Oneida County gives the following, from E. 

 Comstock, of the Committee on Farms : 



The next farm visited, was that of Richard Barnes, of Vernon. 

 Mr. Barnes is an intelligent Englishman, who has been in this coun- 

 try but about three years, but he brought with him a good knowledge 



