No. 85.] 



67 



gypsum was formed, a product, as every farmer knows, of the great- 

 est utility. 



As instances of analysis designed to determine the class of soils, 

 or common analysis, the following from Davy, Chaptal, and others, 

 may be given : 



SOILS. 



Carbonate of lime. 



Clay, 



Sand, 



Organic matter. 



No. 6, 

 2 



34 



64 



1 



sa 



In these examples, No. 1 was a superior wheat soil, in Middlesex, 

 England ; No. 2, a fertile soil in Sweden, but the proportion of or- 

 ganic matter is omitted ; No, 3, is the composition of the alluvion of 

 the Loire in France ; No. 4, good garden mold ; and No. 5, a fer- 

 tile clay loam. No. 6, is a specimen of poor soil ; but it is proba- 

 ble a more refined analysis, would have pointed other causes of ste- 

 rility than those here indicated. 



As instances of thorough or refined analysis, we give a few in- 

 stances, principally from Sprengel : 



SOILS. 



Quartz, sand and silicates,, 



Alumina, , 



Oxides of iron, 



Oxides of manganese, 



Lime, 



Magnesia, 



Potash and soda, 



Phosphoric acid, 



Sulphuric acid, 



Chlorine in common salt,., 



Humic acid, 



Insoluble humus, 



Organic matters containing 

 nitrogen, 



Carbonic acid united to the 

 lime, 



No. 1. 



71.849 

 9.350 

 5.410 

 0.925 

 0.987 

 0.525 

 0.007 

 0.131 

 0.174 

 0.002 

 1.270 

 7.550 



2. COO 



No. 2. 



77.209 

 8.514 

 6.592 

 1.520 

 0.927 

 1.160 

 0.780 

 0.651 

 0.011 

 0.010 

 0.978 

 0.540 



1.108 



-No. 3. 



87.143 

 5.666 

 2,220 

 0.360 

 0.564 

 0.312 

 0.145 

 0.060 

 0.027 

 0.026 

 1.304 

 1.072 



1.011 



0.080 



No. 4. 



86.200 

 2.000 

 2.900 

 0.100 

 4.160 

 0.520 

 0.035 

 0.020 

 0.021 

 0.010 

 0.544 

 3.370 



0.120 



In these examples, No. 1 was an alluvial soil long in pasture on 

 the river Weser, and celebrated for its properties in fattening cattle. 

 The quantity of potash and soda is small, the natural result of being 



