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a state as nearly approacliing that produced by good pasture as possible, 

 ■would be very desirable. To attain this end, we must have resource ta 

 roots, such as carrots, rutabagas, &c. 



Rutabagas. — Having tried the rutabaga, or Swedish turnip, for feed- 

 ing stock for some years, we are disposed to give it the preference as 

 food, either for young working oxen or young growing stock. The 

 ground should be rich, cither naturally or made so by manure. The 

 seed should be sown from the first to the twentieth of June. By sowing 

 about the fifteenth, the danger from the fly is avoided ; were it not for 

 which, this crop might be sown as early as the middle of May with 

 advantage. Drill sowing saves labor, and also insures a larger crop ; 

 for this purpose, Emery's drill barrow is unexceptionable. The quantity 

 of seed required is about one-quarter of a pound per acre. It should 

 be sown in rows, eighteen inches oa* two feet apart, which is sufficiently 

 wide to admit the passage of a horse with a cultivator made for this 

 purpose, with three teeth. This may be passed twice through the rows, 

 and no further tillage will be necessary. Rutabagas can be harvested 

 late in the autumn, after the other crops are out of the way, and can be 

 pulled by hand as easily as by any other method. The yield is from 

 one hundred to three hundred bushels ; and even five hundred bushels 

 per acre, depending upon the soil and season. For working oxen, I con- 

 sider them equal to oats ; and as an article of fiod for human consump- 

 tion, the Maine lumbermen think them next to beans as a strong and 

 healthy nutriment. 



Carrots. — This crop, to which so little attention is paid by farmers 

 generally, is one of great value, more especially as food for horses. The 

 number of bushels which can be grown upon an acre of ground more 

 than doubles that of any other crop in use as food for animals. In 

 comparison with oats, it is worth one-half the price of that grain^ for 

 horse feed. The grain seed drill (Emery's) is the only one we have 

 seen used, and it works admirably in sowing this kind of seed, which is 

 rather difficult to distribute evenly, unless well rubbed with the hand 

 before sowing, to prevent clogging in the hopper. From three hundred 

 bushels, which is a small yield, to fifteen hundred bushels, have been 

 raised on an acre. Plow as deep as possible, and put on from fifty to 

 one hundred loads of manure, and plow in the second time ; weed while 

 the plant is small, and sow in rows two feet apart, so as to work between 



