210 



becomes matted with darker shades of its permanent color, which is that 

 of a bright, blood red, without white or other spots, particularly on the 

 male ; a white udder may be passed over, but seldom without objection. 

 The North Devons are of hardy constitutions, and highly esteemed both 

 for feeding and draught. For the dairy, they are not so much valued ;, 

 the milk, though rich, being deficient in quantity. For all the purposes 

 of labor, for docility or acti^ ity, strength or hardiness, this breed cannot 

 be excelled. The avarage weight of the oxen, when fatted at four or 

 five years old, is about eleven score per quarter ; that of full sized cows 

 seldom exceeds eight. Although they do not weigh as heavy as several 

 other breeds, they fatten most rapidly, and their flesh is of excellent 

 quality. 



The Sussex breed differs but little from the Devonshire, except in 

 being somewhat larger and coarser. When pure, the cattle are invaria- 

 bly of a dark, red color. In other respects, they are thus described by 

 an eminent breeder, Mr. Ellman, of Glynde, Sussex: "A thin head, and 

 clean jaw ; horns pointing forward a little, and then turning upward, thin, 

 tapering and long ; the eye large and full ; the throat clean, with no dew- 

 lap ; long and thin in the neck ; wide and deep in the shoulders ; no pro- 

 jection in the point of the shoulder, when looked at from behind ; the 

 fore legs wide, round and straight in the barrel, and free from a rising- 

 back-bone; no hanging heaviness in the belly; wide across the loin; 

 the space between the hip bone and the first rib very small ; the hip 

 bone not rising high, but being large and wide ; the loin, and space 

 between the hips, to be flat and wide, but the fore part of the carcass 

 round ; long and straight in the rump, and wide in the tip, the tail to 

 lie low, for the flesh to swell above it; the leo-s not too lona:; the finer 

 and thinner in the tail the better." On a comparison between the Devon 

 and Sussex breeds, the former are thinner, narrower and sharper than 

 the latter, on the top of the shoulder, or blade bone ; the front of the 

 shoulder generally projects more, and they usually stand narrower in the 

 chest; their chine is thinner ; they are flatter in the barrel, and hang 

 more in the flank ; but they are wider in the hips, and cleaner in the 

 neck, head and horns, and smaller in the bones than the Sussex. The 

 distinction between them is, however, not very striking. They are 

 equally profitable to the grazier ; and as working cattle, they both stand 

 unrivalled. 



The Hereford breed is a variety of the Devon and Sussex, but is 



