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of milk given by the cows, on which account they are favorites with the 

 London dairymen. The best milkers are said to give as much as eight 

 gallons a day after calving, and six during a great part of the 

 season. 



The best Hio-hland breed of horned cattle are reared in the Western 

 parts of Scotland. Their horns are large, sharp pointed, and spreading ; 

 and their color is generally black, though sometimes brindled, or dun. 

 Their hides are thick, and covered with long hair of a close pile, which 

 nature seems to have intended as a protection against the severity of the 

 climate under Avhicli they are bred, for they lose much of this distinction 

 when reared in a southern country. In other respects they are not unlike 

 the Galloway breed, many of whose best qualities they possess, and 

 more particularly their hardiness of constitution, and beai^tiful symmetry. 

 The straight and level backs, round and deep carcasses, and the quantity 

 of good meat they yield, in proportion to their size, are most valuable 

 points, and highly prized by the butchers. 



The Ayrshire breed ranks deservedly high in the estimation of the 

 dairymen, and the most approved form of the best milkers is thus stated 

 by a Mr. Alton : "Head small, but rather long and narrow at the muz- 

 zle ; the eye small, but quick and lively ; the horns small, clear and 

 bended, and the roots at a considerable distance from each other ; neck 

 long and slender, and tapering towards the head, with but little 

 loose skin hanging below ; shoulders thin ; fore-quarters light and thin ; 

 hind-quarters large and capacious ; back straight, broad behind, and the 

 joints and chine rather loose and open ; carcass deep, and the pelvis capa- 

 cious and wide over the hips, with fleshy buttocks ; tail long and small ; 

 legs small and short, with firm joints ; udder capacious, broad and square, 

 stretching forwards, and neither fleshy, low hung, nor loose, with the 

 milk veins large and prominent ; teats short, pointing outwards, and at 

 a considerable distance from each other ; the skin thin and loose, with, 

 hair soft and wooly ; the head, horns, and other parts of less value, 

 small, and the general figure compact and well proportioned. 



The Alderney breed are so named from the island on the coast of 

 Normandy, whence they were first imported ; although they were also 

 bred in the neighboring islands, Guernsey and Jersey. The cows are 

 small sized, but the oxen frequently attain a bulk and stature quite dis- 

 proportioned to the female. Their color is either light red or cream 

 colored, mottled with white ; the horns short and gracefully curled, and 



