THE COUNTIES OF FOEFAR AND KINCARDINE. 93 



which lies on the north and east of the castle, and which is 

 leased by Mr William Arnot at a rent of £1134. Mr Arnot 

 is a skillful, enterprising, and successful farmer ; and, per- 

 haps, he holds more arable land than any other tenant in 

 the county. He pays about £3000 of annual rent. At 

 the Mains, which extends to about 600 acres, he keeps an 

 excellent stock of cattle, including a number of good short- 

 horn cows, and every year he feeds off a large number. The 

 beautifully-situated farm of Hatton of Eassie, on the west of 

 the Home Farm, is occupied by Mr William Whyte, who is one 

 of the most extensive arable and sheep farmers in the county, 

 and is also well known as a successful breeder and an accurate 

 judge of farm stock, more particularly of polled cattle. The 

 Hatton is the highest rented farm on the Glamis property, the 

 rate being about 50s. per acre. The soil, however, is very good 

 sound loam, and the farm altogether a very desirable one. Mr 

 Whyte is perhaps most widely known as the tenant of the farm 

 of Spott, north from Kirriemuir, in connection with which he 

 has a large sheep-run. On the opposite side of the line of the 

 Caledonian Eailway is situated the fine farm of Cookston, also 

 on the Glamis property, and occupied by Mr George Ballingall. 

 The extent is 560 acres, and the rental £894. In connection 

 with this farm Mr Ballingall holds a sheep-run extending to 

 1800 acres. The soil on Cookston is mostly a sandy loam, with 

 some moss in one part. After two or three years grass alternate 

 grain and green crops follow, the latter consisting of potatoes 

 and turnips, and the former mostly of barley and oats. The 

 potatoes grown after grass get a liberal supply of artificial 

 manures. In wet seasons the grain crops are liable to lodge, 

 and, in consequence, the yield is sometimes deficient and the 

 grain light. In good dry seasons, however, about 6 qrs. of 

 oats and barley may be obtained per acre, the average being 

 about 5 qrs. Hay yields about 220 stones per acre, turnips 

 about 16 tons, and potatoes 8 to 9 tons. In late wet years the 

 yields are far below these. Barley and oats are sown from the 

 20th of March onwards, and turnips between the loth of May 

 and 20th of June. Harvest commenced this year on the 20th 

 of August, and last year (1879) on the 17th of September ; the 

 work being completed this year on the 4th September, and last 

 year on the 10th of October. Mr Ballingall is one of the most 

 successful cattle feeders in the county. He buys in a good 

 many cross yearlings and two-year-olds, mostly Irish, and feed." 

 them off during both winter and sunmier. He also keeps a 

 large stock of sheep, and feeds these on grass, hay, cake, and 

 turnips. Both cattle and sheep get cake or other extra food 

 during sunmier as well as winter. Additions were made to the 

 farm steading not long ago, but still it is not quite satisfactory 



