AS FOOD FOR CATTLE AXD SHEEP. 317 



The above is given in three feeds, and after a time the richness 

 of the mixture is increased by adding cut grain, such as oats, beans, 

 and maize, to the extent of about 3 lbs., costing about 2d. per day 

 extra, bringing up the daily cost of feeding to Is. per day, exclu- 

 sive of straw, but inclusive of roots. Mr Buttar thinks that 

 2 cwt. of turnips would be consumed by a fair-sized bullock if 

 getting nothing else except straw, which, at 6d. per cwt., costs 

 the same as the richer of the above diets. He adds that, " even 

 with all this quantity of turnips, it is difficult to turn out a 

 well -finished beast without a little cake and corn in addition." 

 Mr Buttar's diet for young store-cattle is as follows : — 



15 lbs. cut straw. 



28 „ Q cwt.) turnips (pulped), at Gel. per cwt., . . l|d. 



1 ,, linseed meal, at Ikl. per lb., .... l^d. 



3 „ cotton cake (undecorticatedj, .... 2d. 



1 „ treacle, at Id. per lb., Id. 



6d. 



Mr Buttar's testimony is to the effect that, in the above mixture, 

 costing 6d. daily, his stores are kept in much better condition 

 than with 1-J cwt. turnips, which at 6d. per cwt. would cost 9d. 



Mr James Dalziel, Tinwald Shaws, Dumfries, at the com- 

 mencement of the season places his feeding-cattle on the fol- 

 lowing allowances: — 56 lbs. turnips, pulped, and mixed with 

 chaff, 2 lbs. linseed cake, 2 lbs. round Waterloo cake, and 4 lbs. 

 Indian meal well mixed with hot water. After two months, 

 1 lb. cake and 1 lb. meal additional are given. The average 

 expense of the supplemental food is Id. per lb., that is lOd. 

 daily, or os. lOd. per week for each beast when the animals are 

 on full feed. Long straw cul libitum is also at the command of 

 the cattle. Mr Dalziel is of opinion that if three quarters of a 

 cwt. of turnips were given instead of a half cwt., the cattle would 

 not make so much progress. 



We have already referred to the experience of ]Mr Bryce 

 Wriglit, Dowhill, Girvan. Many years ago, that gentleman 

 informs us, he used to make bullocks very fat on Swedish tur- 

 nips and wlieat straw — an unlimited supply of eacli ; but on 

 this diet it took about eight months to make his cattle ripe for 

 tlie butcher. Now he succeeds in making tlicm e<[ually fat in 

 one-half tliat time by feeding them according to the following 

 system: — lie pulps the turnips and mixes them with cut liay, 

 oat straw, or wheat chaff. To this mixture there are added 2 

 or 3 lbs. per head of bean-meal, the whole being allowed to stand 

 for twenty-four hours to allow the meal and chopped fodder to 

 become thoroughly saturated with the moisture from the turnips. 

 The beasts are fed three times a day with this mixture — two 

 and three year old bullocks getting about 80 lbs., and younger 

 cattle GO lbs. each daily. In addition, from 4 lbs. to 6 lbs. of 



