UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS 



IN 



AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 



Vol. 3, No. 8, pp. 135-242, plates 13-24 



July 12, 1918 



THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE PLANT 

 AS FURTHER PROOF OF THE CLOSE RELA- 

 TION BETWEEN ANTAGONISM AND 

 CELL PERMEABILITY 



BY 



DEAN DAVID WAYNICK 



Lu 



Kiev, 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Introduction 135 



Object of the investigation , 137 



Keview of previous investigations 137 



Methods L40 



Experimental data 144 



External appearances of the plants 154 



General review of experimental results 155 



Kesults with salts of the heavy metals 156 



Possible effects of variations in the concentrations of the solutions on the 



plants 160 



Consideration of a possible Calcium-Magnesium ratio 160 



Permeability and antagonism L62 



Summary 164 



Introduction 



A solution of a single salt at certain concentrations is toxic to 

 plants grown in it. The addition of a second salt usually permits of 

 growth superior to that in a solution of a single salt alone even though 

 the added salt is toxic when used by itself. A third sail added may 

 permit of a still further increase over the growth in the two salt solu- 

 tion. Other salts added will increase or decrease growth, depending 

 upon the salt used. Qualitative relationships only have 1 a consid- 

 ered. When we adjust the quantitative relationships of the various 

 salts present, having at the same time due regard for their qualitative 



