1422 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



Tapinoma bareale Provancher, 1887. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 238. 9,9. 

 Preocc. by Roger, 1863. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler and Wheeler, 1951. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53: 196 (larva). — Francoeur 

 and Beique, 1966. Canad. Ent. 98: 143 (Provancher types). 



Biology: Smith, 1928. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 21: 307-329. — Metcalf and Flint, 1939. 

 Destructive and Useful Insects, Ed. 2: 770. —Weber, 1941. Canad. Ent. 73: 140-141. 

 — Kannowski, 1959. Insectes Sociaux 6: 126-129. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1963. Ants of N. 

 Dak., pp. 157-160. —Gregg, 1963. Ants of Colo., pp. 443-447. ^Judd, 1964. Canad. Ent. 96: 

 990 (in galls on goldenrod). —Smith, 1965. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bui. 1326: 57-59 

 (economic importance). — Bobb, 1965. Jour. Econ. Ent. 58: 925 (as predator of Neodiprion 

 pratti pratti (Dyar)). — Kulman, 1965. Jour. Econ. Ent. 58: 70 (as predator of Malacosoma 

 americanum (F.)). —Wang and Brook, 1970. Jour. Econ. Ent. 63: 1971-1973 (toxicological 

 and biological studies). — Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973. Ants of Deep Canyon, pp. 106-107. 



Morphology: Crozier, 1970. Canad. Jour. Genet, and Cytol. 12: 541-546 (pericentric 

 rearrangement polymorphism). 



Unplaced Taxa of Douchoderinae 



Bothriomyrmex dimmocki Wheeler, 1915. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 34: 417. 5,9. Mass. (Mt. 



Tom, Springfield). 

 Formica masonia Buckley, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 165. 5 . Tex. (Fort Mason). 

 Formica (Hypochira (.')) subspinosa Buckley, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 169. $. Tex. 



Subfamily FORMICINAE 



This subfamily is the predominant group of ants in North America, most common in the north 

 and in the mountains with their numbers decreasing rapidly toward the southern part of the 

 United States. They are recognized by the single segmented pedicel, lack of a constriction 

 between the first and second gastric segments, and the round acidopore, usually with a circle of 

 hairs. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler and Wheeler, 1953. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 46: 126-171, 175-217 (larvae). 

 —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1968. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ami. 61: 205-222 (larvae). —Wheeler and 

 Wheeler, 1970. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ami. 63: 648-656 (larvae). 



Biology: Kannowski, 1963. Symp. (Jenet. et BioL Ital. 12: 74-102 (flight activities). —Wilson 

 and Regnier, 1971. Amer. Nat. 105: 279-289 (evolution of alarm-defense system). 



Morphology: Blum and Wilson, 1964. Psyche 71: 28-31 (anatomical source of trail substances 

 in formicine ants). — Hung, 1969. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 62: 455-456 (chromosome numbers 

 of various spp.). 



Tribe PLAGIOLEPIDINI 



Genus PLAGIOLEPIS Mayr 



Plagiolepis Mayr, 1861. Eurp. Formicid., p. 42. 



Type-species: Formica pygmaea Latreille. Monotypic. 

 Plagiolepis subg. Anacantholepis Santschi, 1914. Meddel. Groteborgs Mus. ZooL 3: 36. 



Type-species: Plagiolepis (Anacantholepis) decora Santschi. Monotypic. 

 Aporxymyrmex Faber, 1969. Pflanzenschutzber. 39: 52. 



Type-species: Aporomyrmex am.peloni Faber. Orig. desig. 

 Plagiolepis subg. Paraplagiolepis Faber, 1969. Pflanzenschutzber. 39: 65. 



Type-species: Plagiolepis xene Starcke. Monotypic. 



An Old World genus with a single introduced species found in the United States. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler and Wheeler, 1953. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 47: 129, 132 (larvae). — Brown. 

 1973. In Meggers, et al.. Tropical forest ecosystems in Afr. and S. Amer., pp. 178-185. 



