Superfamily FORMICOIDEA 1409 



Strumigenys (Cephaloxys) membranifera var. vnlliamsi Wheeler, 1933. Hawaii. Ent. Soc, 

 Proc. 8:275-277. 5,9. 



Taxonomy: Smith, 1936. Puerto Rico Univ., Jour. Agr. 20:829, 856. —Brown, 1948. Amer. 

 Ent. Soc, Trans. 74:114. —Brown, 1949. Mushi 20:7, 22. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1954. 

 Psyche 61:145 (larva). —Wilson and Taylor, 1967. Pacific Ins. Monog. 14:35 (Polynesia). 



Biology: Weber, 1952. Amer. Mus. Novitates 1554:7. —Wilson, 1953. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 

 46:483-485. —Brown, 1954. Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. ZooL, Bui. 112:6. 



Genus QUADRISTRUMA Brown 



Qvxidristruma Brown, 1949. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 75:47. 

 Type-species: Epitritus emmae Emery. Orig. desig. 



The single species in the United States is an introduction. 



emmae (Emery). Fla. (homestead); Pantropical. Ecology: Most commonly found under objects 



on sea beaches or in debris from forests or agricultural areas near the sea. Introduced; 



spread to many tropical regions of the world by commerce, possibly originating from 



Africa 

 Eiptritus emmae Emery, 1890. Soc. Ent. Ital., Bol. 22:70. 5 . 

 Epitritus clypeatus Szabo, 1909. Arch. Zool. (Budapest) 1(7):1. 5 . 

 Epitritus clypeatus var. malesiana Forel, 1913. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. System. 36:83-84. 5 , 



9. 

 Epitritus wheeleri Donisthorpe, 1916. Ent. Rec. 28:121. 5. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler, 1908. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 24:149. —Smith, 1936. Puerto Rico 

 Univ., Jour. Agr. 20:829, 858. —Brown, 1949. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 75:48-50 (worker, 

 female). —Wilson and Taylor, 1967. Pacific Ins. Monog. 14:42 (Polynesia). 



Biology: Weber, 1934. Rev. de Ent. 4:51. —Brown, 1949. Mushi 20:21. —Brown, 1954. 



Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. Zool., BuL 112:6. —Brown and Wilson, 1960 (1959). Quart. Rev. 

 Biol. 34:281. — Kempf, 1961. Studia Ent. 4:516. 



Tribe BASICEROTINI 



Revision: Brown and Kempf, 1960. Studia Ent. 3:161-250 (world). —Taylor, 1968. Austral. 

 Jour. Zool. 16:333-348 (Indo-Australian). 



Taxonomy: Wheeler and Wheeler, 1954. Psyche 61:111-145 (larvae). 



Genus EURHOPALOTHRIX Brown and Kempf 



Eurhopalothrix Brown and Kempf, 1960. Studia Ent. (n. s.) 3:202-203. 



Type-species: Rhopalothrix Bolaui Mayr. Desig. by Brovvm and Kempf, 1961. 



Taxonomy: Brown and Kempf, 1961 (1960). Psyche 67:44. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973. 

 Pan-Pacific Ent. 49:207 (larvae). 

 floridana Brown and Kempf. Fla. (Highlands Hammock, Highlands Co.). Ecology: Collected in 

 leaf litter. 

 Eurhopalothrix floridana Brown and Kempf, 1960. Studia Ent. (n. s.) 3:207-208. 5. 



Tribe ATTINI 



Taxonomy: Wheeler, 1948. Amer. Midland Nat. 40:664-689 (larvae). —Weber, 1970. Ent. Soc. 

 Wash., Proc 72:414-415 (northern extent of tribe). —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1974. Ent. Soc. 

 Wash., Proc 76:76-81 (larvae). 



Biology: Weber, 1962. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 71:45-49 (insect gardeners). —Weber, 

 1966. Science 153:587-604 (general). — Moser, 1967. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Nat. Hist. 

 76:32-35 (trail of the leafcutters). —Weber, 1972. Amer. Scientist 60:448-456 (general). 

 — Weber, 1972. Amer. Phil. Soc, Mem. 92, 146 pp. (gardening ants, the attines). 



