Superfamily FORMICOIDEA 1419 



iniquus nigellus Emery. Mass., 111., other scattered localities mostly in northeastern U. S.; 

 Central Amer. Ecology: Found in greenhouses in U. S. Introduced. /. iniquus iniquus 

 Mayr occurs in Central and S. Amer. and W. Indies. 

 Iridoniyrmex iniquus var. nigellus Emery, 1890. Soc. Ent. Ital., Bol. 22: 56. 5 . 



Biology: Wheeler, 1929. Psyche 36: 89-90. —Smith, 1929. Jour. Econ. Ent. 22: 241-242. 

 pruinosus analis (Andre). N. Dak., Kans., Okla., Tex. w. to s. Idaho, Calif.; Mexico, Guatemala. 

 Ecology: Nests are in soil either under objects or in exposed situations surmoimted by a 

 craterlike mound. 

 Tapinoma anale Andre, 1893. Rev. Ent. de France 12: 148. 5 . 

 Iridoniyrmex pruinosus var. testaceus Cole, 1936. Ent. News 47: 121. 5,9. 



Taxonomy: Smith, 1929. Jour. Econ. Ent. 22: 241. — Eckert and Mallis, 1937. Calif. Agr. Expt. 

 Sta. Cir. 342: 8. —Cole, 1942. Amer. Midland Nat. 28: 372-373 (also biological notes). 



Biology: Wheeler, 1906. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 22: 342. —Smith, 1924. Ent. News 35: 83. 

 —Dennis, 1938. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 31: 294, 305. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1963. Ants of 

 N. Dak., pp. 154-155. —Gregg, 1963. Ants of Colo., pp. 436-438. —Cole, 1966. Brigham 

 Young Univ., Sci. Bui., Biol. Ser. 7: 18 (Nevada Test Site). —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973. 

 Ants of Deep Canyon, pp. 101-102. 

 pruinosus pruinosus (Roger). N. Y. to Fla., w. to Wis., Ohio, Tex., N. Mex.; W. Indies. 



Ecology: Nests are in exposed soil with craterlike mounds or under the cover of objects. 

 A house pest in the Gulf Coast states. 

 Tapinoma pruinosum Roger, 1863. Berlin Ent. Ztschr. 7: 165. 5 . 



Taxonomy: Smith, 1929. Jour. Econ. Ent. 22: 241. —Cole, 1940. Amer. Midland Nat. 24: 64-65. 

 —Cole, 1942. Amer. Midland Nat. 28: 372. — Santschi, 1930. Soc. Roy. Ent. d'Egypte, Bui. 

 23: 81. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1951. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 53: 185. (larva). —Wheeler 

 and Wheeler, 1966. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 59: 729 Oarva). 



Biology: Wheeler, 1905. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., Bui. 21: 389. —Smith, 1930. Fla Ent. 14: 5. 

 — Wheeler, 1911. Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. Zool., Bui. 54: 497. — Warter, Moser, and 

 Blum, 1962. La. Acad. Sci., Proc. 25: 42^6 (correlation between night hawk feeding and 

 nuptial flights of pruinosus pruinosus). — Smith, 1965. U. S. Dept. Agr., Tech. Bui. 1326: 

 54-55 (economic importance). 



Morphology: Blvun, Warter, Monroe, and Chidchester, 1963. Jour. Ins. Physiol. 9: 881-885 

 (chemical releasers of social behavior - methyl-n-amyl ketone). 



Genus FORELIUS Emery 



Forelius Emery, 1888. Ztschr. f. Wiss. Zool. 46: 389. 



Type-species: Iridomyrmex mccooki Forel. Monotypic. 



A small New World genus. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler and Wheeler, 1966. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 59: 729 Oarvae). 

 foetidus (Buckley). Ark., Kans., Okla., Tex., Colo. w. to Calif.; Mexico. Ecology: Nests are 



under objects or in exposed soil with small craters of soil Incorrectly reported from D. 

 C. 

 Formica foetida Buckley, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 167. 5,9. 

 Iridomyrmex McCooki Forel, 1878. Soc. Vaud. des Sci. Nat., Bui. 15: 382. 

 Forelius MacCooki race Andrei Forel, 1912. Soc. Ent. de Belg., Mem. 20: 44. 5 . 



Taxonomy: Forel, 1886. Soc. Ent. de Belg., Bui. (C. R.) 30: 39. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1974 

 (1973). Pan-Pacific Ent. 49: 401 (larva). 



Biology: Cole, 1937. Ent. News 48: 137. —Mallis, 1941. South. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bui. 48: 137. 

 — Lindquist, 1942. Jour. Econ. Ent. 35: 850-852. —Gregg, 1963. Ants of Colo., pp. 434-436. 

 —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973. Ants of Deep Canyon, pp. 102-103. 



Genus CONOMYRMA Forel 



Conomyrma Forel, 1913. Rev. Zool. Africaine 2: 350. 



Type-species: Prenolepis pyramica Roger. Desig. by Santschi, 1922. 



