1514 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



Morphology: Crouch and Smith, 1958. Tex. Jour. Sci. 10: 38-59, 20 figs, (sting and associated 

 glands). 

 flavus Cresson. Southern Calif., Nev., Utah, Ariz., N. Mex., western Tex.; Mexico (Sonora, 

 Chihuahua, Coahuila). Parasite: Xenos peckii Kby. 

 Poiistes flavus Cresson, 1868. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 1: 383. 9. 

 fuscatus aurifer Saussure. B. C. to Mont., south to Calif, and Nev.; Mexico (Baja California). 

 Ecology: Nests in sheltered situations.Adventive in Hawaii, Johnston, Niihau and 

 Society Islands. Parasite: Gordius sp.; Xenos peckii Kby. 

 Poiistes aurifer Saussure, 1853. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 2, p. 78. 9. 

 Poiistes anaheimensis Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada, Hym., p. 423. 6, 



9. 

 Poiistes fuscatus var. utahensis Hay ward, 1933. Utah Acad. Sci., Proc. 10: 142. 6,9. 

 Poiistes fuscatvs connectens Bequaert, 1940. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 48: 21. 9, 6 . 

 Poiistes fuscatus montanus Bequaert, 1940. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 48: 26. 9, 6. 



Taxonomy: Snelling, 1954. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 27: 154 (synonymy). 



Biology: Duncan, 1928. Pan-Pacific Ent. 5: 90 (nest materials). — Bohart, 1942. Pan-Pacific 

 Ent. 18: 30 (feeding, hibernation). —Snelling, 1952. Pan-Pacific Ent. 28: 177 (hibernation). 

 —Snelling, 1954. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 27: 154 (nest site). 

 fuscatus bellicosus Cresson. S. C. to Fla., west to Tex. 



Poiistes bellicosus Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 247. 6, 9. 



Biology: Rau and Rau, 1918. Wasp Studies Afield, pp. 294-295 (drinking habits). 

 fuscatus centralis Hayward. Western Tex., Colo., N. Mex., Ariz., Utah, Calif.; Mexico (Baja 

 California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila). Ecology: Nests in sheltered situations. 



Poiistes fuscatus var. centralis Hayward, 1933. Utah Acad. Sci., Proc. 10: 143. d, 9. 

 fuscatus fuscatus (Fabricius). U. S. east of Rocky Mts. except in extreme southeast and Mich, 

 where it is replaced by/, bellicosus Cr. and/, laurentianus Beq. respectively. Ecology: 

 Nests in sheltered situations, frequently beneath eaves and roofs, or in cavities near 

 ground. Parasite: Xenos peckii Kby.; Pachysomoides fulvus (Cr.); Elasmus polistis 

 Burks; Dasymutilla castor (BL). Prey: Estgimene acrea (Dru.), Hyphantria cunea 

 (Dru.); Geometridae spp.; Hesperiidae sp.; Everes comyntes (Godt.); Dasylophia anguina 

 (A. and S.), Heterocampa manteo (Dbldy.); Euptoieta sp., pupa; Acronicta sp., 

 Autographa spp., Feltia subterranea (F.), Heliothis zea (Boddie), H. virescens (F.), 

 Hypsoropha hornios Hbn., Laphygma frugiperda (Sm.), Peridroma margaritosa (Haw.), 

 Plathypena scabra (F.), Prodenia prob. omithogalli Guen., Schiriia sp.; Colias philodice 

 eurytheme Bdv., Phoebis sp.; Loxostege sp.; Protoparce sexta (Johan.); Orthoptera spp.; 

 usually obtained from herbaceous vegetation in open fields. Predator: Dicymolomia 

 pegasalis (Wlkr.), Chalcoela iphitalis Wlkr. 



Vespa fuscata Fabricius, 1793. Ent. System., v. 2, p. 260. 



Vespa nestor Fabricius, 1798. Sup. Ent. System., p. 262. 



Poiistes pallipes Lepeletier, 1836. Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym., v. 1, p. 530. 9 . 



Poiistes exilis Saussure, 1853. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 2, p. 85. 



Poiistes variatus Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 247. 6,9. 



Poiistes pallidipes Dalla Torre, 1894. Cat. Hym., v. 9, p. 133. Emend. 



Biology: Girault, 1911. Wis. Nat. Hist. Soc, Bui. 9: 49-63 (observations on female). —Davis, 

 1919. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 14: 122-123 (nest). —Bequaert, 1923. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, 

 Bui. 18: 73-80 (vestigial pleometrosis). —Davis, 1924. Staten Island Inst. Arts and Science 

 2: 137-138 (nest). — Bugbee, 1936. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 29: 614-616 (nest). —Gaul, 1940. N. 

 Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 48: 391-393 (artificial brood rearing). — Beall, 1942. Canad. Field-Nat. 

 56: 64-67 (autumnal swarming). — Eberhard, 1969. Mich. Univ., Mus. Zool., Misc. Pub. 140: 

 1-101 (social biology). — Gibo, 1972. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 80: 105-108 (hibernation sites, 

 temperature tolerance). —Hermann and Dirks, 1974. Ga. Ent. Soc, Jour. 9: 1-8 (smearing 

 on nest by sternal glands). —Hermann, Gerling and Dirks, 1974. Ga. Ent. Soc, Jour. 9: 

 203-204 (hibernation). —Gibo, 1974. Canad. Ent. 106: 101-106 (colony founding in lab.). Rau 

 published many notes on this taxon as variatus; they are cited under the generic heading. 



