Superfamily VESPOIDEA 1507 

 Genus EUMENES Latreille 

 Genus EUMENES Subgenus EUMENES Latreille 



Eumenes Latreille, 1802. Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., v. 3, p. 360. 



Type-species: Vespa coarctata Linnaeus. Desig. by Latreille, 1810. 

 Alpha Saussure, 1855. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 3, p. 128. 



Type-species: Vespa coarctata Linnaeus. Desig. by Bequaert, 1926. 

 Eumenis Kriechbaumer, 1879. Ent. Nachr. 5: 57. Emend. 

 Eumenidion Schulthess, 1913. Soc. Ent. 28: 2. 



Type-species: Vespa coarctata Linnaeus. Orig. desig. 



Only the typical subgenus occurs in America north of Mexico. 



So far as is known, all species make juglike mud nests, which are usually attached to twigs and 

 are provisioned with caterpillars. 



Revision: Isely, 1917. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 10: 345-363 (N. Amer. spp.). —Bequaert, 1938. 

 Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 33: 59-70 (spp. northeastern U. S. and eastern Canada). 

 —Bequaert, 1944. Nat. Canad. 71: 75-88 (Canad. spp.). 

 aureus Isely. Okla., western Tex. to southern Calif.; Mexico (Baja California). 

 E^imenes belfragei aureus Isely, 1917. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 10: 352. 9. 



Biology: Linsley, 1962. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 55: 152-153, figs. 1, 2 (sleeping habits). 

 boUii bollii Cresson. Western half of U. S. north to Nebr., Colo., Utah, Nev., Calif., Alta., Mo., 

 Iowa, Minn.; Mexico (Baja California). 

 Eumenes bollii Cresson, 1872. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 4: 232. 6,9. 



Biology: Isely, 1914. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. (2) 8: 299-301 (nest). 

 bollii oregonensis Bequaert. Wash., Oreg., Idaho, Nev. 



Eumenes bollii var. oregonensis Bequaert, 1938. Brooklyn Ent. Soc, Bui. 33: 66. 9. 

 crucifera boUiformis Viereck. Ariz., N. Mex.; Mexico. 



Eumenes {Pachymenes) boUiformis Viereck, 1908. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 33: 387. 6,9. 



Eumenes robustus Isely, 1917. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 10: 360. 9. 



Biology: Linsley, 1962. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 55: 153 (sleeping habits). 

 crucifera crucifera Provancher. Western U. S. east to Colo., S. Dak. and north to Wyo., B. C, 

 Alta. 

 Eumenes crucifera Provancher, 1888. Addit. Corr. Faune Ent. Canada Hym., p. 421. 9. 

 Eumenes (Alpha) marginilineatus Viereck, 1907. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 33: 381. 6. 

 Eumenes emarginilineatus (!) Viereck, 1907. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 33: 388. 

 Eumenes stemalis Isely, 1917. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 10: 353. 6. 

 Eumenes xanthogaster Isely, 1917. Ent. Soc Amer., Ann. 10: 353. 6. 



crucifera flavitinctus Bohart. Calif. 



Eumenes crucifera flavitinctus Bohart, 1950. Biol. Soc Wash., Proc 63: 79. 6, 9. 

 crucifera nearcticus Bequaert. Transcontinental north to 63 degrees N. Latitude, south to 

 Oreg., Utah, Colo., Ky., N. J. 

 Eumenes minuta Saussure, 1852. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 1, p. 39. 6. Preocc. 

 Eumenes (Alpha) Globulosiis Saussure, 1855. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 3, p. 



139. 9. Preocc 

 Eti7nenes nearcticiis Bequaert, 1944. Nat. Canad. 71: 82. 6, 9. N. name for globulosus. 



crucifera stricklandi Bequaert. Alta. (Cypress Hills). 



Eumenes coloradensis stricklandi Bequaert, 1944. Nat. Canad. 71: 84. 9. 

 fraternus Say. Ont., U. S. west to Tex., Okla., Kans., Nebr., Minn. Parasite: Chrysis conica Br.; 

 Timulla ferrugata (¥.). 



Eumenes fratema Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, p. 344. 



Eumenes Fervens Saussure, 1852. Etudes sur la famille des Vespides, v. 1, p. 40. 6, 9. 



Biology: Isely, 1914. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bui. (2) 8: 301 (nest). 

 iturbide iturbide Saussure. Colo., N. Mex., Ariz.; Mexico. 



Eumenes (Alpha) Iturbide Saussure, 1857. Rev. Mag. Zool. (2) 9: 271. 



Eumenes (Alpha) globulosiformis Viereck, 1908. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 33: 386. 6,9. 



