1354 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



36:354 (damage to airplane runways). — Michener, 1948. N. Y. Ent. Soc, Jour. 56:239-242. 

 — Cassidy, et al., 1950. U. S. Dept. Agr. Cir. 842:15. —Barnes and Nemey, 1953. U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Farmers' Bui. 1668:1-11. —Young and Howell, 1954. Okla. Acad. Sci., Proc. 

 35:60-62 (mating swarms). —Young and Gonzalez, 1957. Mex. Secretaria de Agr. y 

 Ganaderia, Fol. Tec. 23:1-20. —Michener, 1960. Kans. Ent. Soc, Jour. 33:46 (treetop mating 

 aggregations). —Box, 1960. Ecology 41:381-382. —Gregg, 1963. Ants of Colo., pp. 319-321. 

 — Johnson, et al., 1969. Biochemical Genetics 3:429-450 (isozyme genotype-environment 

 relationships in natural populations). 



Morphology: Williams and Williams, 1965. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., Proc. 119:344-346 (venom). 

 — Benthuysen and Blum, 1974. Ga. Ent. Soc., Jour. 9: 235-238 (quantitative sensitivity of 

 ant to enantiomers of its alarm pheromone). 



bicolor Cole. S. Ariz.; Mexico. Ecology: Nests are in gravelly soil with a low mound of sand 

 and with a single entrance. Apparently does not clear plants from nest periphery. 

 Pogonomyrmex (Pogonomyrmex) bicolor Cole, 1968. Pogonomyrmex Harvester Ants, pp. 

 59-64. 5, 2, 6. 

 desertorum Wheeler. W. Tex., s. N. Mex., s. Ariz., s.e. CaUf.; Mexico. Ecology: Nests are in 

 sandy soil in open areas and have circular craters. 

 Pogonomyrmex desertorum Wheeler, 1902. Psyche 9:387, 390. 5 . 



Pogonomyrmex desertorum var. femigineus Olsen, 1934. Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. 

 Zool., Bui. 77:496. 5. 



Taxonomy: Cole, 1954. Tenn. Acad. Sci., Jour. 29:119. 



Biology: Wheeler, 1910. Ants, p. 283. —Cole, 1934. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 27:399. — Mallis, 

 1941. South. Calif. Acad. Sci., Bui. 40:64. — Whitford and Ettershank, 1975. Environ. Ent. 

 4: 689-696 (factors affecting foraging activity). 

 rugosus Emery. W. Okla., w. Tex., s.e. and s.w. Colo., N. Mex., s. Utah, Ariz., s. and central 



Nev., s. Calif.; Mexico. Ecology: Typically, the nest is a flattened gravel disc, though 



there is variation in structure. 

 Pogonomyrmex barbatus rugosus Emery, 1895. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. System. 8:309. 5, cJ. 

 Pogonom,yrmex barbatus var. fuscatus Emery, 1895. Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. System. 8:309. 9 . 

 Pogonomyrmex barbattis var. marfensis Wheeler, 1902. Amer. Nat. 36:98. 5 . 

 Pogonomyrmex similis Olsen, 1934. Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. Zool., Bui. 77:497, 512. $. 

 Pogonomyrmex barbatus curvispinosus Cole, 1936. Ent. News 47:120. 5. 

 Pogonomyrmex barbatus spadix Cook, 1953. The Ants of Calif., pp. 98-99, 3 figs. 2 . No 



description. 



Taxonomy: Wheeler, 1902. Psyche 9:391, 393 (each caste). 



Biology: Wheeler, 1902. Psyche 9:393. —Wheeler, 1910. Ants, pp. 284, 290. —Wheeler, 1917. 

 Psyche 24:178. —Cole, 1937. Ent. News 48:134. —Cole, 1942. Amer. Midland Nat. 28:367. 

 — Lindquist, 1942. Jour. Econ. Ent. 35:850-853. —Gregg, 1963. Ants of Colo., pp. 322-324, 

 325, 327. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 1973. Ants of Deep Canyon, p. 50. —Whitford and 

 Ettershank, 1975. Environ. Ent. 4: 689-696 (factors affecting foraging activity). 

 tenuispina Forel. S. Calif. (Deep Canyon); Mexico (Baja Calif.). 



Pogonomyrmex desertorum, var. tenuispina Forel, 1914. Soc. Vaud. des Sci. Nat., Bui. 



50:269. 5. 

 Pogonomyrmex dentatus Olsen, 1934. Harvard Univ., Mus. Comp. Zool, Bui. 77:505. 5. 



Taxonomy: Cole, 1968. Pogonomyrmex Harvester Ants, pp. 77-81. —Wheeler and Wheeler, 

 1973. Ants of Deep Canyon, pp. 50-51 (first U. S. record). 



Species Group CKxroENTALis 



anzensis Cole. Calif. (Split Mtn., Anza Desert State Park). 



Pogonomyrmex (Pogonomyrmex) anzensis Cole, 1968. Pogonomyrmex Harvester Ants, 

 pp. 87-89. 9. 

 brevispinosus Cole. S. Calif., Nev. (Lyon Co.). Ecology: Nests are in compact sandy soil, each 

 marked by a low circular crater 3 to 8 inches in diameter with a single entrance. 

 Pogonom^yrmex {Pogonomyrmex) brevispinosus Cole, 1968. Pogonomyrmex Harvester 

 Ants, pp. 89-94. 5, 9, d. 



