Superfamily SPHECOIDEA 1681 



spiniferus (Fox). Colo., Nev., Ariz., Calif, to Wash. Ecology: Nests in stems of Sanihiicus, 



Foeniciiluvi and Eriogonioii, makes linear series of 1-6 cells per nest, stores 2-10 prey 

 per cell. Parasite: Senotainia trilineata (Wulp), Macronychia sp., Amobia floridensis 

 (Tns.); Megaaelia sp.; Dioviorus zabriskiei Cr.; Monodontomerus sp. Prey: 

 Sphaerophoria sp.; Ogcodes engonatus Lw.; Hylemya sp.; preferred prey are 

 Acroceridae. Predator: C ymatodera ovipeiuiis LeC. 

 Crahro spiniferus Fox, 1895. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 22: 148. 9, S. 



Solenius (Pseudocrabro) conspiciendus Mickel, 1918 (1917). Nebr. Univ. Studies 17: 324. 9, 

 6. 



Biology: Bechtel and Schlinger, 1957. Ent. News 68: 225-232 (nest, prey, parasites, predator). 



—Parker and Bohart, 1966. Pan-Pacific Ent. 42: 94 (nest, parasites). 

 stirpicola (Packard). Canada and U. S. in Transit, and U. Austr. Zones east of 100th meridian. 

 Ecology: Nests in pith in twigs o{ Ailanthus, blackberry, sumac, Sanibucus, and in old 

 railroad tie, stores 6-27 prey per cell. Parasite: Dioniorns zabriskiei Cr.; Habrifys latro 

 Wall.; Perilaiupus canadensis Cwfd.; Aviobia sp. Prey: Siniulium jeymingsi Mall.; Soiva 

 pallipes (Lw.); Oxycera 77iacidata Oliv.; Co7idylostyliis sipho (Say), C. sp., Asyndetiis 

 sp.; Mesograpta marginata (Say); Euxesta notata (Wied.); Amphicnephes pullus 

 (Wied.), Rivellia pallida Lw., R. steyskali Namba; Euaresta bella (Lw.); Lonchaea 

 polita Say ?, L. sp.; Lyciella pictiventris (Mall.), Saproinyza iimbrosa Lw.; Agromyza 

 panicoiiiis Lw., A. sp., Melanagromyza burgessi (Mall.), M. virens (Lw.), M. sp.; 

 Chyromya sp.; Cordihira fuscipes Zett., Phorbia sp., Anthomyia sp.; Coenosia sp. near 

 antennalis Stein; Phorynia regina (Meig.), Lucilia sp., Calliphora vomitoria (L.); 

 Ravinia derelicta (Wlkr.), Sarcodexia sp.; H yalomyodes triangulifer (Lw.), 

 Cryptomeigenia euniyothyroides (Tns.), Paradidyyna singularis (Tns.), Sitopltaga 

 calosomoides (Tns.), Lespesia sp., Etfia johnsoni (Coq.), Tachinidae sp.; although 

 stirpicola preys upon a wide range of Diptera, the preferred prey are clearly 

 acalyptrate and calyptrate Cyclorrhapha. 



Crabro stirpicola Packard, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 111. 9, 6. 



Taxonomy: Evans, 1957. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 83: 109, figs. 85-90 (larva). —Evans, 1959. 

 Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 85: 165 (larva). 



Biology: Packard, 1869. Guide Study Ins., p. 158 (nest). — Cresson, 1878. Psyche 2: 189 (nest, 

 parasite). — Peckham and Peckham, 1898. Wis. Geol. Nat. Hist. Survey, Bui. 2: 46-52, pi. 1, 

 fig. 5, pi. 11, figs. 6, 7 (nest, prey, cocoon, life cycle). — Rau and Rau, 1918. Wasp Studies 

 Afield, pp. 90-94, figs. 21, 22 (nest, prey, life cycle). —Rau, 1922. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, 

 Trans. 24: 20-21 (nest, prey, life cycle, parasite). —Rau, 1928. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, Trans. 

 25: 381-387, fig. 50 (nest, prey, life cycle). — Krombein, 1960. Ent. News 71: 63-68 (nest, 

 prey, egg, life cycle, cocoon, parasites). 

 trifasciatus (Say). Chiefly Transit. Zone of Canada and U. S. east of Cascade and Sierra 

 Nevada ranges. 

 Crabro trifasciatus Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, p. 342. 



Genus ECTEMNIUS Subgenus ECTEMNIUS Dahlbom 



Crabro subg. Ectemnius Dahlbom, 1845. Hym. Europaea, v. 1, p. 389. 



Type-species: Crabro guttatus of Dahlbom. Desig. by Ashmead, 1899. 

 Crabro subg. Mesocrabro Verhoeff, 1892. Ent. Nachr. 18: 70. 



Type-species: Crabro guttatus Vander Linden. Desig. by Pate, 1937. 

 atriceps (Cresson). South. Canada and U. S., chiefly in Transit. Zone. Ecology: Nests in logs. 

 Crabro atriceps Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 4: 483. 9. 

 Crabro brunneipes Packard, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 102. 6. 

 Crabro foxii Kincaid, 1900. Ent. News 11: 356. 6. 



Taxonomy: Pate, 1946. Notulae Nat. 171: 14 (synonymy). —Evans, 1957. Amer. Ent. Soc, 

 Trans. 83: 109, figs. 91-94 (larva). 

 corrugatus (Packard). Canad. and Transit. Zones in Alaska, Canada, U. S. 

 Crabro pauper Packard, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 95. 3. 

 Crabro corrugatus Packard, 1866. Ent. Soc. Phila., Proc. 6: 107. 9. 

 Crabro (Cuplwpterus) operus Rohwer, 1908. Ent. News 19: 247. 9. 



