1704 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



quinquespinosus (Say). Nebr., Colo, and south. Calif, to Panama. Ecology: Nests in large 



colonies in sand, makes unicellular nest. Prey: Cimmius hartii (Ball), Stirellus bicolor 

 (Van D.), Exitianus sp., Cuerna lateralis (F.), C. sp., Draeculacephala noveboracensis 

 (Fitch), Cameocephala sagittifera (Uhl), Acinopierus angulatus Laws., Cicadellidae sp.; 

 adults and a few nymphs. 



Nysson 5-spinosus Say, 1823. West. Quart. Rptr. 2: 78. 



Stizus godmani Cameron, 1890. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Hym., v. 2, pi. 5, fig. 8. 9, 6 . 



Stizus lineatus Cameron, 1890. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Hym., v. 2, p. 102. 6 . 



Stizus flavus Cameron, 1890. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Hym., v. 2, p. 103. 6. 



Stizus flavtis var. subalpinus Cockerell, 1898. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc. 7: 142. cJ. 



Nysson cressoni Cameron, 1904. Amer. Ent. Soc, Trans. 30: 95. 9. 



Taxonomy: Willink, 1957. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (12) 9: 702-704. —Evans, 1959. Amer. 

 Ent. Soc. Trans. 85: 152-153, figs. 71-73 (larva). 



Biology: Rohwer, 1909. Colo. Univ. Studies 6: 246-247 (colony; prey misdet.). — Rodeck, 1931. 

 Colo.-Wyo. Acad. Sci., Jour. 1: 61 (prey, nest). — Strandtmann, 1945. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 

 38: 312-313 (nest, prey transport). —Evans, 1966. Compar. ethology and evolution of sand 

 wasps, pp. 134-141, fig. 76 (nest, prey). —Evans, 1968. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 61: 1344 

 (prey). 

 whecleri Krombein and WUlink. Ariz. 



Bembecinus wheeleri Krombein and Willink, 1951 (1950). Amer. Midland Nat. 44: 709. 9, 

 6. 



Subfamily BEMBICINAE 



All species nest in the ground, usually in quite friable soil. The more primitive species are soli- 

 tary nesters, practice mass provisioning and prey upon Hemimetabola, whereas the more spe- 

 cialized species nest in large aggregations, have developed progressive provisioning behavior in- 

 dependently in some genera and prey largely upon advanced Holometabola. 



This subfamily has undergone considerable evolution in the New World where a number of 

 genera occur. Bembix is the only genus of worldwide distribution and it occurs in all major 

 zoogeographic regions. 



Revision: Parker, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 52: 1-155. -Parker, 1929. U. S. Natl. Mus. 

 Proc. 75 (5): 11-181. 



Taxonomy: Bohart and Horning, 1971. Calif. Ins. Survey, Bui. 13: 1-49, 74 figs., 18 maps 

 (Calif, spp.). 



Genus BICYRTES Lepeletier 



Bicyrtes Lepeletier, 1845. Hist. Nat. Ins., Hym., v. 3, p. 53. 



Type-species: Bicyrtes Servillii Lepeletier. Monotypic. 

 Bembidula Burmeister, 1874. Acad. Nac. Cien. Cordoba, Bol. 1: 122. 



Type-species: Monedula discisa Taschenberg. Desig. by Parker, 1917. 

 Dumonela Reed, 1894. Univ. Chile, An. 85: 608. 



Type-species: Monedula sericea Spinola. Orig. desig. 



Wasps of this genus make uni- or multicellular nests, usually in fine- to coarse-grained sand. 

 They prey upon Heteroptera, chiefly Pentatomidae and Coreidae, although Pyrrhocoridae, Scu- 

 telleridae, Cydnidae, Lygaeidae and Reduviidae may be used occasionally; nymphs are preferred 

 to adults. The egg is laid on the first bug placed in the cell. 



affinis (Cameron). South. Ariz.; Mexico (Guerrero). 



Bembidula affinis Cameron, 1897. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 19: 371. 9. 

 capnoptera (Handlirsch). Ga., Fla., La., Tex., Kans., N. Mex., Ariz., Calif.; Mexico (Baja 



California). Ecology: Nests in soil, stores 5-7 prey per cell. Prey: Thyanta pallidovirens 

 accerra (McAtee) nymphs and adults. 

 Bembidula capnoptera Handlirsch, 1889. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl., Sitzber. 98: 



497. (J, 9. 

 Bembidula capnoptera var. mesillensis Cockerell, 1898. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci., Proc. 7: 

 142. <J. 



